Prevalence of self-reported arterial hypertension in Brazilian capitals in 2011 and analysis of its trends in the period between 2006 and 2011

Abstract

There was no significant sex-specific trend, maintaining the higher frequency among women. The prevalence of hypertension increased progressively with age and was higher among adults with lower education (0 -8 years of study). The South was the only region that showed a statistically significant increasing trend for the years between 2006 and 2011 (15% per year).

<b>Prevalence of self-reported <i>diabetes</i> and hypertension among users of primary health care services

“…In a large study on self-reported hypertension in the Brazilian capitals (Andrade, Malta, Iser, Sampaio, & Moura, 2014), prevalence rates of 19.6% and 24.9% were found in men and women, respectively, in the city of São Paulo. Other study using data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) (Muniz et al, 2012) estimated that in the South-eastern region of Brazil the prevalence of self-reported hypertension among men is 12.4% and among women is 16.5%.…”

Risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease in women

“…Another study with the Brazilian population has shown that the south region of the country had a greater increase in blood pressure from 2006 to 2011 as compared to other states and the prevalence was higher in women. 24 The ELSA-Brazil study researched Brazilian adults about the risk factors for developing chronic disease, found in 63.1% of the population overweight, 61.5% hypercholesterolemia, 35.8% hypertension, 20.3% glucose intolerance, 19.7% diabetes, 26.7% mental disorder, and 4.7% coronary heart disease history. In this study, when comparing women and men, there was highest rate for sedentary lifestyle (79.9%), obesity (24.8%), hypercholesterolemia (63.6%), low HDL (20.7%), mental disorders (33.7%), cancer (5%) and respiratory diseases (13%).…”

“…As the results of our study, there are similar data, highlighting obesity, hypertension, low HDL, unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle related as risk behaviors and social capital. 1,7,14,15,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Despite all these data, studies have evidenced that CNTD mortality rate showed a tendency for reduction of about 20% since the 1990's, being observed larger reductions in cerebrovascular, chronic respiratory and ischemic disorders. The authors attribute this reduction to PHC's expansion, covering more than 60% of the population, improving access to healthcare and the significant reduction for prevalence of smoking in Brazil, from 34.8% (1989) to 8.7% (2014).…”

“…The study encompassed both healthy individuals (looking for the PHC for prevention and primary healthcare routine) and also a population with diseases, showing the reality of this population from 18-year old, unlike some studies that analyzed the factors in hypertensive population only, 11 population from 40-year old, 7,14,15,20 elderly 18 and the population in general of a state and a country. 1,2,16,24 In addition to those, blood pressure and blood sugar and cholesterol values were checked at the time of the research and not just the disease being mentioned by the individual as it is in the researches done by population survey. 1,2,20,24 There are limitations in this study, and the data were broken down by ethnicity; the calculated sample has a 90% confidence level and 10% error in the calculation; the addressed population is from a region that has lower socioeconomic level; although we consider the population looking for a BHU as a healthy part (prevention) and part ill (in treatment), in Brazil we still have the culture in most for the individuals to seek healthcare when there is a complaint, then it may be that our data represent a population that is more sick than healthy.…”

“…1,2,16,24 In addition to those, blood pressure and blood sugar and cholesterol values were checked at the time of the research and not just the disease being mentioned by the individual as it is in the researches done by population survey. 1,2,20,24 There are limitations in this study, and the data were broken down by ethnicity; the calculated sample has a 90% confidence level and 10% error in the calculation; the addressed population is from a region that has lower socioeconomic level; although we consider the population looking for a BHU as a healthy part (prevention) and part ill (in treatment), in Brazil we still have the culture in most for the individuals to seek healthcare when there is a complaint, then it may be that our data represent a population that is more sick than healthy.…”