Prevalence of seasonal changes in mood and behavior during the winter months in central Texas

Seasonal affective disorder in patients with chronic tinnitus

“…Mood changes according to seasonal variation is a phenomenon that occurs in the general population . SAD, at its extreme, has an incidence of 4% to 10% in the general population, with a higher incidence in women .…”

Seasonal affective disorder and the Romanian stock market

“…For instance, Asians are more prone to summer-type SAD (Han et al, 2000;Ito et al, 1992) while for Caucasians it is more common to suffer from winter-type SAD (Magnússon & Axelsson, 1993;Soriano et al, 2007). Also, the highest propensity for SAD is found in women and younger individuals, compared with men and older individuals (Hedge & Woodson, 1996). Two main frameworks have been proposed in recent decades in order to describe the link between mood and risk-taking: Mood Maintenance Hypothesis (MMH) proposed by Isen, Nygren and Ashby (1988) and Affect Infusion Model (AIM ) proposed by Forgas (1995).…”

A careful re-examination of seasonality in international stock markets: Comment on sentiment and stock returns

“…33 Thus, results from the Magnusson and Axelsson study are not representative of the general population of Canada or even the province of Manitoba. Other studies KM cite as representative of the general population use samples drawn from a workplace, such as Eagles et al (1996), Hedge and Woodson (1996), Ito et al (1992), and Ozaki et al (1995). A study by Mersch (2001) (which KM cite in a different context) lists issues that can arise in conducting a study of SAD prevalence based on workplace samples.…”

“…Some require that subjects report feeling worst in one of December, January, or February (e.g. Soriano et al (2007), Hedge and Woodson (1996)). Others require that subjects report feeling worst in January or February (e.g., Rosen et al (1990), Muscettola et al (1995), Kasper et al (1989b)), and so on.…”