Prevalence of Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Middle-Aged Men and Women in Tanzania, Africa: Relationship with Resting Energy Expenditure and Dietary Factors.

Njelekela, Marina; Kuga, Sachiko; Nara, Yasuo; Ntogwisangu, Josiah; Masesa, Zablon; Mashalla, Yohana; Ikeda, Katsumi; Mtabaji, Jacob; Yamori, Yukio; Tsuda, Kinsuke

doi:10.3177/jnsv.48.352

Cited by 32 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The LDL-Chol levels were lower than those of the Japanese (145 and 144 mg/100 ml, in males and females, respectively) (27), of the Dutch (149 mg/100 ml as the average in males and females) (30) and of the British (143 mg/100 ml as the average in males and females) (32), and appear to be higher than those of males in Tanzania (77 mg/100 ml) (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Serum nutritional status of tocopherol and retinol normalized to lipids of persons living in the southern rural Terai region in Nepal

Hirai

Ohno

Jindai

et al. 2004

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objective: The present study examined the levels of serum α-Tocopherol (Toc), retinol (Ret), cholesterol (Chol) and triglycerides (TG), and their correlations in the sera of people in Nepal.Methods: The survey was conducted on the general populace in the agricultural Terai region in southern Nepal. The study population consisted of 93 males and 83 females aged 10-68 years. Serum Toc and Ret were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: No significant differences were observed between the genders for the average of total Chol (T-Chol) (140 and 145 mg/100 ml, respectively), HDL-C (45 and 47 mg/100 ml), LDL-C (94 and 97 mg/ 100 ml), and TG (106 and 110 mg/100 ml), and the ratio of LDL/HDL (2.16). The levels of mean Toc (4.32 and 4.27 μg/ml) were about the same for both genders, while the mean Ret levels were significantly higher for males (624 ng/ml) than for females (535 ng/ml) (p<0.001). A direct relationship was found between the levels of Toc and Ret (r=0.46, p<0.001 and r=0.28, p<0.05 for males and females, respectively). Serum levels of Toc and Ret were positively related to the levels of Chol (r=0.48 and r=0.58, p<0.001 for males and r=0.49, p<0.001 and r=0.33, p<0.01 for females, respectively) and TG (r=0.23 and r=0.28, p<0.05 for males and r=0.29, p<0.01 and r=0.28, p<0.05 for females, respectively). The ratio of Toc/TG normalized to serum TG was directly correlated to the ratio of Ret/TG (r=0.79 for males, and r=0.72 for females, p<0.001, respectively) and the ratios of Toc/TG and Ret/TG were negatively related to the LDL/HDL levels (r=−0.49 and r=−0.43, for males, and r=−0.46 and r=−0.57 for females, p<0.001, respectively).Conclusion: The levels of Toc and Ret were low in the sera of people living in the southern rural Terai region in Nepal, and it was found that lower levels of Toc and Ret normalized to TG increased the ratio of LDL/HDL. These results suggest that greater intake of foods rich in Toc and Ret should be encouraged to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Serum nutritional status of tocopherol and retinol normalized to lipids of persons living in the southern rural Terai region in Nepal

Hirai

Ohno

Jindai

et al. 2004

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…Recent evidence also provides only limited data regarding the relationship between dietary intake/adequacy and health status indices, such as NCD risk factors, in East African cohorts adhering to traditional food habits (Mosha, 2003;Njelekela et al, 2005;Njelekela et al, 2002;Njelekela et al, 2001;Njelekela et al, 2003;Pauletto et al, 1996;Pavan et al, 1997;Winnicki et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Investigation of the Dietary Intake and Health Status in East Africa in the 1960s: A Systematic Review of the HistoricOltersdorf Collection

Raschke

Oltersdorf²,

Elmadfa

et al. 2008

Ecology of Food and Nutrition

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Downloaded by [University of Arizona] at 01:26 11 June 2016 2 V. RASCHKE ET AL.We have recently reported on the myriad health benefits of traditional East African foods and food habits. However, this region continues to experience a nutrition transition whereby traditional, well-tried foods have been systematically replaced with the products of multinational corporations. The health-related impact has been devastating, as evidenced by current non-communicable disease (NCD) trends. The purpose of the present investigation was to review the historic Oltersdorf Collection (data collated by the Max-Planck Nutrition Research Unit, Bumbuli Tanzania from the 1930s to 1960s) to determine if adherence to traditional East African food habits was positively associated with health status indices in populations residing in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda during this period. The systematic review process resulted in six investigations being identified. Published between 1963 and 1969, these are likely the first investigations to provide original data pertaining to dietary intake/adequacy and health status indices within specific East African cohorts. Overall, the review revealed that many ethnic groups did not exhibit adequate dietary intake and did not consume a diversity of traditional whole foods representative of the wide spectrum of food choices available within the region at this time. NCDs such as obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes were not reported in any investigation. However, there was substantial reporting of malnutrition-related and infectious diseases, particularly among children. The present review supports the contention that the shift from a traditional, diversified diet to a simplified, monotonous diet may have occurred with the onset of cash-crop farming. For resolution of nutrition-related epidemics currently plaguing Africa, including NCDs and malnutrition-related diseases (i.e., the double burden) it is critically important to investigate and disseminate evidence related to the fundamental contributors to the nutrition transition.

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“…The same can be said for the association between the consumption of meat products and cholesterol levels. Consumption of processed meats is associated with a higher incidence of CHD, stroke and diabetes mellitus [22,23], and studies both in developed and developing countries have shown a significant association between meat intake and total cholesterol concentrations [24,25]. However, the analyses that were performed in this study have not distinguished between the consumption of lean, white or processed meat, or the trends in consumption of meat that vary widely around the world, or between populations in different world regions and in sub-population groups within each country.…”

Section: Determinants Of Global Cholesterol Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between worldwide dietary and lifestyle patterns with total cholesterol concentrations and DALYs for infectious and cardiovascular diseases: An ecological analysis

Oggioni¹,

Cena²,

Wells³

et al. 2015

JEGH

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Global dietary and lifestyle trends are primary risk factors for communicable and non-communicable diseases. An ecological analysis was conducted to examine the association of global dietary and lifestyle patterns with total cholesterol concentrations. This study also investigated whether total cholesterol modified the association between dietary and lifestyle habits with disability-adjusted-life-years-lost (DALYs) for infectious and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Country-specific mean total cholesterol concentrations and DALYs for infectious and CVDs were obtained. Data were then matched to country-specific food and energy availability for consumption and information on obesity, physical inactivity, urbanization, gross domestic product (GDP), life expectancy and smoking. Stepwise multiple regression models were developed to identify significant predictors of total cholesterol concentrations and DALYs for infectious and CVDs. Life expectancy and egg and meat consumption were significantly associated with cholesterol concentrations. DALYs for infectious diseases were associated with smoking, life expectancy and per capita GDP. Smoking was the only predictor of DALYs for CVDs. The improvement of socio-demographic conditions and economic growth is likely to reduce the burden of communicable diseases in developing countries. A concurring increase in non-communicable diseases is expected, and these results have, yet again, identified smoking as a primary risk factor for CVDs.

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Prevalence of Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Middle-Aged Men and Women in Tanzania, Africa: Relationship with Resting Energy Expenditure and Dietary Factors.

Cited by 32 publications

References 24 publications

Serum nutritional status of tocopherol and retinol normalized to lipids of persons living in the southern rural Terai region in Nepal

Serum nutritional status of tocopherol and retinol normalized to lipids of persons living in the southern rural Terai region in Nepal

Investigation of the Dietary Intake and Health Status in East Africa in the 1960s: A Systematic Review of the HistoricOltersdorf Collection

Association between worldwide dietary and lifestyle patterns with total cholesterol concentrations and DALYs for infectious and cardiovascular diseases: An ecological analysis

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