Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients of metabolic syndrome in a rural population attending tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis now constitute the major etiology of chronic liver disease. Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is rising due to the change in lifestyle habits, diet and obesity. Metabolic syndrome is closely related with the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Studies showed that prevalence of metabolic syndrome is rising in Indian population. This study was conducted to look into the current status of the metabolic syndrome in rural population.Methods: The study was conducted among patients attending General Medicine OPD. Each participant was subjected to clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, laboratory investigations and abdominal ultrasound. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasound and metabolic syndrome was diagnosed based on modified NCEP:ATP III criteria.Results: The prevalence of NAFLD was found to be 18.78% and was higher among male population (20.05%) as compared to females (17.32%). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among NAFLD and control groups were 42.74% and 17.91% respectively.Conclusions: Present study has shown moderate prevalence of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome among the rural population of western Uttar Pradesh with a more male predisposition.

The Prospect of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adult Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review

“…A total of 15 articles made it to the final review [ 29 - 43 ]. Table 3 contains the details of the relevant 15 articles included [ 29 - 43 ].…”

“…In studies that find the association between NAFLD and MetS, the prevalence of NAFLD in MetS is found to be higher (91.4%) [ 29 , 31 , 32 , 37 , 39 , 43 , 40 ]. The above-mentioned studies have found a statistically significant association between NAFLD and MetS in study participants from India, Iran, Malaysia, Nepal, and China.…”

“…The above-mentioned studies have found a statistically significant association between NAFLD and MetS in study participants from India, Iran, Malaysia, Nepal, and China. These studies identified the cases of NAFLD by using ultrasonography and CT, while identifing MetS by NCEP: ATP III criteria [ 29 , 31 , 32 , 40 , 43 ]. NAFLD was significantly more common in people with MetS (43.2%) and increased with the number of MetS criteria (67% for those with all five criteria), despite the prevalence of NAFLD being 18.2%.…”

“…In the attempt to find the relationship between the various demographic variants, certain study shows that the prevalence of NAFLD among MetS is high among male than female population, and males are more susceptible to grade 2 fatty livers, while women are more susceptible to grade 1 [ 29 , 43 ]. The prevalence of NAFLD in males peaked at 40-49 years and then began to decline.…”

“…The risk factors related to NAFLD are studied along with the attempt to find the most prevalent risk factor in this systematic review and it revealed that in a study the incidence of MetS, which includes NAFLD, is rising in India due to the country's rising obesity rate, and the MetS itself is now considered a risk factor for NAFLD [ 29 , 32 ]. Obese patients have demonstrated the role of adipocytokines in the etiopathogenesis of NAFLD.…”