Prevalence of multiple non-communicable diseases risk factors among adolescents in 140 countries: A population-based study

Biswas, Tuhin; Townsend, Nick; Huda, M. Mamun; Maravilla, Joemer Calderon; Begum, Tahmina; Pervin, Sonia; Ghosh, Arpita; Mahumud, Rashidul Alam; Islam, Shariful; Anwar, Novera; Rifhat, R; Münir, Kerim; Gupta, Rajat Das; Renzaho, Andre Μ Ν; Khusun, Helda; Wiradnyani, Luh Ade Ari; Radel, Tim; Baxter, Janeen; Rawal, Lal; McIntyre, David; Mørkrid, Kjersti; Mamun, Abdullah Al

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101591

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…The rises in the prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity [ 52 , 53 , 54 ] and its associated comorbidities have increased the number of youngsters receiving MET therapy [ 55 ]. Overall, MET consists of a low-cost option with modest clinical benefits for BW loss and minimal side-effects [ 56 , 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Concentrations and Dietary Intake of Vitamin B12 in Children and Adolescents on Metformin: A Case–Control Study

Tsiroukidou

Paschalidou

Grammatikopoulou

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The International Society of Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) recommends metformin (MET) use for metabolic disturbances and hyperglycemia, either in combination with insulin therapy or alone. A caveat of MET therapy has been suggested to be biochemical vitamin B12 deficiency, as seen mainly in studies conducted in adults. In the present case–control study, children and adolescents of different weight status tiers on MET therapy for a median of 17 months formed the cases group (n = 23) and were compared with their peers not taking MET (n = 46). Anthropometry, dietary intake, and blood assays were recorded for both groups. MET group members were older, heavier, and taller compared with the controls, although BMI z-scores did not differ. In parallel, blood phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations were lower in the MET group, whereas MCV, Δ4-androstenedione, and DHEA-S were higher. No differences were observed in the HOMA-IR, SHBG, hemoglobin, HbA1c, vitamin B12, or serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations between groups. Among those on MET, 17.4% exhibited vitamin B12 deficiency, whereas none of the controls had low vitamin B12 concentrations. Participants on MET therapy consumed less energy concerning their requirements, less vitamin B12, more carbohydrates (as a percentage of the energy intake), and fewer fats (including saturated and trans fats) compared with their peers not on MET. None of the children received oral nutrient supplements with vitamin B12. The results suggest that, in children and adolescents on MET therapy, the dietary intake of vitamin B12 is suboptimal, with the median coverage reaching 54% of the age- and sex-specific recommended daily allowance. This low dietary intake, paired with MET, may act synergistically in reducing the circulating vitamin B12 concentrations. Thus, caution is required when prescribing MET in children and adolescents, and replacement is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Concentrations and Dietary Intake of Vitamin B12 in Children and Adolescents on Metformin: A Case–Control Study

Tsiroukidou

Paschalidou

Grammatikopoulou

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…18 There is a disproportional risk of developing NCDs depending on socioeconomic status, immune system, occupation, physical activity, and age. [19][20][21][22][23] Among the aggravating factors for increased susceptibility are urbanization and transition in nutritional behaviors and the cooccurrence of multiple risk factors. 19,21,24,25 As the food processing industry is growing in developing countries like in Africa, the use of foods with low nutritional value is likely to increase too.…”

Section: Ncds Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Example of non‐modifiable risk factors are age, sex, ethnicity, and genetic factors whereas modifiable risk factors are diet, exercise, use of tobacco, and alcohol 18 . There is a disproportional risk of developing NCDs depending on socioeconomic status, immune system, occupation, physical activity, and age 19–23 . Among the aggravating factors for increased susceptibility are urbanization and transition in nutritional behaviors and the cooccurrence of multiple risk factors 19,21,24,25 .…”

Section: Ncds Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic priorities over population health: A political dilemma in addressing noncommunicable diseases in developing countries

Max,

Mashauri

2024

Health Science Reports

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The world is observing a rapid shift in the burden of diseases with predominance of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). NCDs contribute to 41 million deaths which is equivalent to 74% of all death globally per year. There is ongoing debate on the approaches to reduce public exposure to NCDs' modifiable risk factors which are of economic potential. As the World Health Organization and the World Bank recommend the implementation of taxation to these factors, still questions arise on the effectiveness, sustainability, and practicality of this strategy. With the ongoing transition globally from consumption of natural to processed foods, it is important to counter‐check the best interventions on how to protect people from unhealthy eating behaviors. While taxation on unhealthy food and other products like tobacco has been recommended as one among interventional approaches, its effectiveness on sugar sweetened beverages is not reliable compared to approaches that increase self‐control. Despite the perceived economic benefits of tobacco and sugar sweetened products, there is detrimental implication in terms of public health. The introduction of taxation which favors public health faces challenges due to conflict of interest from government authorities and other stakeholders. The intertwined relationship between public health and economic development becomes more obvious during implementation of preventive and control measures against modifiable risk factors for NCDs. It is evident that reaching a balanced rational decision on choosing between economic growth and public health is difficult. Countries should enhance both local and international intersectoral and multisectoral approaches in creating integrative policies which include health component in all non‐health policies including economic policies so as to harmonize public health and economic growth during this era of extensive globalization.

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“… 4 , 5 In addition, several studies have focussed on behavioural risk factors either in isolation or in clusters, leaving out physical risk factors. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 Hence this study aims to identify the burden of co-occurrence and clustering of behavioural and physical risk factors for NCDs among in- and out-of-school adolescents in Plateau State. Findings from this study will adequately inform public health strategies and interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence of non-communicable disease risk factors among adolescents in Jos, Nigeria

Sodipo,

Afolaranmi,

Agbo

et al. 2024

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine

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Background The co-occurrence and clustering of risk factors for non-communicable disease (NCD) is a global public health concern. Aim This study aimed to assess the co-occurrence and clustering of risk factors for NCDs among in-school and out-of-school adolescents in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria. Setting Secondary schools and markets in Jos North Local Government Area. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 377 in-school and 377 out-of-school adolescents, aged 10–19 years of age. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on behavioural and physical risk factors for NCDs. Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for comparisons at a 5% level of significance. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 23.0. Results Of the 754 sampled adolescents, 386 (51.2%) were females and 368 (48.8%) were males. Adolescents aged 10–14 years made up 37.8% of the participants, 15 to 17 years of age accounted for 46.9% and 18–19 years 15.3%. Risk factors with the highest prevalence were a sedentary lifestyle (94.2%) and an unhealthy diet (92.4%). Majority (97.2%) had two or more risk factors while 1.9% of adolescents had no risk factor. More in-school adolescents (24.1%) had two risk factors compared to 14.1% of out-of-school adolescents ( p < 0.001); 14.1% of out-of-school adolescents had five or more risk factors compared to 2.9% of those in school ( p < 0.001). Conclusion Co-occurrence and clustering of behavioural and physical risk factors was found among both in-school and out-of-school adolescents. Contribution This study highlighted the burden of risk factors for NCDs among both in-school and out-of-school adolescents in the North-Central part of Nigeria. This is especially useful in developing targeted interventions to tackle these risk factors.

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Prevalence of multiple non-communicable diseases risk factors among adolescents in 140 countries: A population-based study

Cited by 28 publications

References 36 publications

Serum Concentrations and Dietary Intake of Vitamin B12 in Children and Adolescents on Metformin: A Case–Control Study

Serum Concentrations and Dietary Intake of Vitamin B12 in Children and Adolescents on Metformin: A Case–Control Study

Economic priorities over population health: A political dilemma in addressing noncommunicable diseases in developing countries

Co-occurrence of non-communicable disease risk factors among adolescents in Jos, Nigeria

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