Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and of its specific components among adolescents from Niterói City, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Abstract

Objective: To compare the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities (MA) and metabolic syndrome (MS) assessed by different criteria among Brazilian adolescents. Subjects and methods: Weighted prevalence of MA and MS were estimated using criteria adapted from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III), and the World Health Organization (WHO) in a probabilistic sample of 577 students aged 12-19. Results: The most prevalent MA was low concentration of HDL-C as per IDF (32.5%) and NCEP/ATP III (41.6%) criteria and hypertension as per the WHO's criterion (12.4%). Prevalence of MS using the NCEP/ATP III criterion (6.04%) was five times higher than the WHO's (1.1%) and the IDF's (1.6%) criteria. As expected, MS was significantly higher among overweight than among non-overweight adolescents. Conclusion: Low prevalence of MS but high prevalence of some MA were found. These findings suggest that the diagnosis of MA is more relevant in clinical practice especially in overweight adolescents. WHO (12,4%). A prevalência de SM pelo critério NCEP/ATP III (6,04%) foi cinco vezes mais alta do que pelos critérios WHO (1,1%) e IDF (1,6%) e, como era esperado, foi significantemente mais elevada entre adolescentes com sobrepeso. Conclusão: Foram encontradas menores prevalências de SM e maiores prevalências de algumas AM. Esses resultados sugerem que o diagnóstico das AM é mais relevante na prática clínica especialmente para adolescentes com excesso de peso. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2011;55(2):164-70

Frequência de síndrome metabólica em crianças e adolescentes de escolas públicas de Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brasil, conforme três critérios diagnósticos internacionais

“…These changes were expected to be found in the younger population, in which there is a low prevalence of MetS in normal-weight children and adolescents compared with obese ones [8]. Studies have demonstrated that the application of different criteria may substantially affect the estimated prevalence of MetS [15], which has caused difficulty and confusion in understanding its epidemiology [8]. Moreover, Burns et al [26] assessed childhood predictors of MetS in adults and found that subjects with MetS during adulthood had higher BMI, blood pressure, and triglyceride levels during childhood, showing how important the frequency of individual parameters is at this age.…”

“…In Brazil, a literature review with 15 studies demonstrated that the prevalence of MetS ranges from zero (in normal-weight individuals) to 42.4% (in overweight individuals) [13]. The prevalence may increase with age [14]; there is greater risk of MetS among boys than among girls [15]; and overweight and obese youngsters are at a greater risk than normal-weight adolescents [16].…”

“…Studies that compare the different criteria for MetS in children and adolescents have demonstrated that the application of different criteria can substantially influence the estimated prevalence [13,15]. Moreover, a significant difference in the level of agreement among criteria has been demonstrated [17,18].…”

“…Owing to the paucity of studies, knowledge on the prevalence of MetS in Brazil is concentrated in the southeast and in some cities and, therefore, the data cannot be extended to the country as a whole [15]. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the frequency of MetS in students aged 10 to 17 years attending public education institutions in different regions of Divinópolis, State of Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil, using the adapted NCEP/ATPIII, IDF, and WHO criteria, and to determine the level of agreement among these criteria.…”

Diet quality among adolescents has deteriorated: a panel study in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, 2003-2008

“…Selection of participants was based on a cluster sample design (with one selection stage), and the original sample size was calculated assuming 25% prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (the most common alteration in blood lipids in adolescents 16 ), 95% confidence interval (95%CI), and 5% maximum error. Estimated sample size was 600 students, and allowing for predicted losses of 30%, the final sample size was set at 780 adolescents 17 . The probability of selecting classes from each school was proportional to the total number of students in each age group in each school; as a result, in 2003, 28 classes were selected, and in 2008 30 classes were selected among the 33 public schools chosen for the studies.…”