Prevalence of Individuals at Clinical High-Risk of Psychosis in the General Population and Clinical Samples: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pablo, Gonzalo Salazar de; Woods, Scott W.; Drymonitou, Georgia; Diego, Héctor de; Fusar‐Poli, Paolo

doi:10.3390/brainsci11111544

Cited by 40 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the other hand, it is not clear whether the dissociative symptoms did not develop in parallel over time in patients with schizophrenia from the perspective of hospitalizations and in the process of treatment with various antipsychotic drugs. Some authors in a study found in the general population up to 1.7% of people at high risk of developing psychosis ( 57 ). No data have been established on the level of dissociative symptoms in them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociative Model in Patients With Resistant Schizophrenia

Panov

2022

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundSchizophrenia is a severe mental illness in which, despite the growing number of antipsychotics from 30 to 50% of patients remain resistant to treatment. Many resistance factors have been identified. Dissociation as a clinical phenomenon is associated with a loss of integrity between memories and perceptions of reality. Dissociative symptoms have also been found in patients with schizophrenia of varying severity. The established dispersion of the degree of dissociation in patients with schizophrenia gave us reason to look for the connection between the degree of dissociation and resistance to therapy.MethodsThe type of study is correlation analysis. 106 patients with schizophrenia were evaluated. Of these, 45 with resistant schizophrenia and 60 with clinical remission. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scales were used to assess clinical symptoms. The assessment of dissociative symptoms was made with the scale for dissociative experiences (DES). Statistical methods were used to analyze the differences in results between the two groups of patients.ResultsPatients with resistant schizophrenia have a higher level of dissociation than patients in remission. This difference is significant and demonstrative with more than twice the level of dissociation in patients with resistant schizophrenia.The level of dissociation measured in patients with resistant schizophrenia is as high as the points on the DES in dissociative personality disorder.ConclusionPatients with resistant schizophrenia have a much higher level of dissociation than patients in clinical remission. The established difference between the two groups support to assume that resistance to the administered antipsychotics is associated with the presence of high dissociation in the group of resistant patients. These results give us explanation to think about therapeutic options outside the field of antipsychotic drugs as well as to consider different strategies earlier in the diagnostic process.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociative Model in Patients With Resistant Schizophrenia

Panov

2022

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…SCZ is a mental disorder characterized by abnormally interpret reality, hallucinations, delusions, apathy, lack of social functioning, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior. Cognitive symptoms, including concentration and attention difficulties, as well as memory impairments, can be subtle [ 357 ]. Cognitive deterioration in patients with SCZ has been linked to vitamin D deficiency which may directly affect processing speed [ 358 ].…”

Section: Diseases Linked To Mitochondrial Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Impairment: A Common Motif in Neuropsychiatric Presentation? The Link to the Tryptophan–Kynurenine Metabolic System

Tanaka

Szabó

Spekker

et al. 2022

Cells

119

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nearly half a century has passed since the discovery of cytoplasmic inheritance of human chloramphenicol resistance. The inheritance was then revealed to take place maternally by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Later, a number of mutations in mtDNA were identified as a cause of severe inheritable metabolic diseases with neurological manifestation, and the impairment of mitochondrial functions has been probed in the pathogenesis of a wide range of illnesses including neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, a growing number of preclinical studies have revealed that animal behaviors are influenced by the impairment of mitochondrial functions and possibly by the loss of mitochondrial stress resilience. Indeed, as high as 54% of patients with one of the most common primary mitochondrial diseases, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, present psychiatric symptoms including cognitive impairment, mood disorder, anxiety, and psychosis. Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles which produce cellular energy and play a major role in other cellular functions including homeostasis, cellular signaling, and gene expression, among others. Mitochondrial functions are observed to be compromised and to become less resilient under continuous stress. Meanwhile, stress and inflammation have been linked to the activation of the tryptophan (Trp)–kynurenine (KYN) metabolic system, which observably contributes to the development of pathological conditions including neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review discusses the functions of mitochondria and the Trp-KYN system, the interaction of the Trp-KYN system with mitochondria, and the current understanding of the involvement of mitochondria and the Trp-KYN system in preclinical and clinical studies of major neurological and psychiatric diseases.

show abstract

“…Schizophrenia SCZ is a mental disorder characterized by abnormally interpret reality, hallucinations, delusions, apathy, lack of social functioning, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior. cognitive symptoms including difficulty in concentration and attention, and memory impairments can be subtle [324]. SCZ is generally considered to be a neurodegenerative disorder with neurodevelopmental antecedents.…”

Section: Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Impairment: A Common Motif in Neuropsychiatric Presentation? The Link to the Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolic System

Tanaka¹,

Szabó²,

Spekker³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nearly half a century has passed since the discovery of cytoplasmic inheritance of human chloramphenicol resistance. The inheritance was then revealed to take place maternally by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Later, a number of mutations in mtDNA were identified as a cause of severe inheritable metabolic diseases with neurological manifestation, and the impairment of mitochondrial functions has been probed in the pathogenesis of a wide range of illnesses including neurodegenerative diseases. Recently growing number of preclinical studies has revealed that animal behaviors are influenced by the impairment of mitochondrial functions and possibly by the loss of mitochondrial stress resilience. Indeed, as high as 54% of patients with one of the most common primary mitochondrial diseases, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, present psychiatric symptoms including cognitive impairment, mood disorder, anxiety, and psychosis. Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles which produce cellular energy and play a major role in other cellular functions including homeostasis, cellular signaling, and gene expression, among other. Mitochondrial functions are observed to be compromised and to become less resilient under continuous stress. Meanwhile, stress and inflammation have been linked to the activation of the tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic system, which observably contributes to development of pathological conditions including neurological and psychiatric disorders. This narrative review discusses the functions of mitochondria and the Trp-KYN system, the interaction of the Trp-KYN system with mitochondria, and the current understanding of the involvement of mitochondria and the Trp-KYN system in preclinical and clinical studies of major neurological and psychiatric diseases.

show abstract

Prevalence of Individuals at Clinical High-Risk of Psychosis in the General Population and Clinical Samples: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 40 publications

References 56 publications

Dissociative Model in Patients With Resistant Schizophrenia

Dissociative Model in Patients With Resistant Schizophrenia

Mitochondrial Impairment: A Common Motif in Neuropsychiatric Presentation? The Link to the Tryptophan–Kynurenine Metabolic System

Mitochondrial Impairment: A Common Motif in Neuropsychiatric Presentation? The Link to the Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolic System

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About