Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in adult population in the Czech Republic – time for birth cohort screening

Chlíbek, Roman; Smetana, Jan; Sosovickova, Renata; Gal, Peter; Dítě, Petr; Štěpánová, Vlasta; Plíšková, Lenka; Plíšek, Stanislav

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0175525

Cited by 27 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, Saxena et al34 reported a high rate of anemia in patients with severe renal impairment treated with full-dose SOF even in those without RBV addition. The epidemiology of HCV infection has changed during the last decade in our region; the prevalence of genotype 3 rose from <5% to 45% 35. In agreement with the changing epidemiology of HCV, our patients infected with genotype 3 were younger and had a shorter period of hemodialysis and fewer comorbidities in comparison with our historical group of patients infected with genotype 1b 36.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in the treatment of genotype 3 chronic hepatitis C virus infection in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Šperl¹,

Fraňková²,

Kreidlová

et al. 2017

TCRM

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Chronic hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) has a negative impact on the long-term survival of recipients of kidney transplants. HCV should be treated in hemodialyzed patients before their enlistment for kidney transplantation in order to avoid the reactivation of virus after transplantation. Direct-acting antivirals represent the current standard of care in hemodialyzed patients with HCV genotypes 1 and 4; in patients with genotypes 2 or 3, the optimal regimen is yet to be established. Sofosbuvir (SOF) and daclatasvir (DCV) represent an antiviral pangenotypic regimen with favorable pharmacokinetics in hemodialyzed patients. We retrospectively evaluated safety and efficacy of the combination of SOF and DCV in the treatment of genotype 3a chronic HCV in six male patients (mean age of 39 years, range 25–53 years) with end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis; these patients were treated with a reduced dose of SOF (one half of a 400 mg tablet) and 60 mg of DCV once daily. The anticipated treatment duration was 12 weeks. Initial HCV RNA ranged from 120,000 to 11,000,000 IU/mL. Two of the six patients had compensated liver cirrhosis based on shear-wave elastography result. All of the patients completed a 12-week treatment. Viremia became negative on treatment and remained negative 12 weeks after the end of therapy in all the patients. All of them (6/6, 100%) achieved sustained virological response, including two with cirrhosis and two with HCV RNA >6,000,000 IU/mL. The treatment was well tolerated: none of the patients presented with a serious adverse event requiring hospital admission and none had anemia or any significant changes in blood count. One patient had a short period of diarrhea, which was resolved with antibiotic treatment. The combination of reduced-dose SOF and full-dose DCV, daily, was a safe and effective treatment in our group of hemodialyzed patients infected with HCV genotype 3.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in the treatment of genotype 3 chronic hepatitis C virus infection in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Šperl¹,

Fraňková²,

Kreidlová

et al. 2017

TCRM

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“…Furthermore, a 2018 study in Mongolia showed similar rates where 77% of the positive individuals were aged >50 years 15 . In contrast, in the Czech Republic, the prevalence of anti-HCV-positive cases was 1.6%, and the lowest prevalence was observed in individuals aged ≥60 years (0.2%; n=2) 16 . These differences can be explained by the exposure of the different populations to various risks factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In the present study, we found that, of anti-HCV-positive individuals with tattoos and piercings, 29.6% were born in the 1970s. In a study in the Czech Republic, of 525 individuals with tattoos and piercings, 3.8% were HCV positive; however, the age group was not disclosed, and no evidence of a relationship between this factor and infection was found 16 . A study on 2637 individuals in Valencia, Spain, found that antibody detection was positive in 30 individuals (1.1%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Epidemiological survey of hepatitis C in a region considered to have high prevalence: the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Gomide

Melo

Santos

et al. 2019

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is affected by demographic, virological, clinical, and lifestylerelated factors and varies in different regions in Brazil or worldwide. The present study aimed to clarify the epidemiological patterns of HCV infection in the interior region of Brazil. Methods: This study was conducted in the Southern Triangle Macro-region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, according to the guidelines of the National Program for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis. The participants answered a structured questionnaire on social and epidemiological factors.Immunochromatographic rapid tests were used for the qualitative detection of antibodies against HCV in whole blood (Alere HCV® Code 02FK10) in adult subjects by a free-standing method. Results: Of 24,085 tested individuals, 184 (0.76%) were anti-HCV positive. The majority of anti-HCV-positive individuals were born between 1951 and 1980 (n=146 [79.3%]), with 68 women and 116 men. Identified risk factors included syringe and/or needle sharing (p = 0.003), being in prison (p = 0.004), and having tattoos or piercings (p = 0.005) and were significantly associated with the decade of birth. Conclusions: The study shows the importance of testing populations at risk for HCV infection, including incarcerated individuals, those with tattoos or piercings, those who share or have shared syringes or needles, and those in high-risk birth cohorts (1950s, 1960s, and 1970s) in the Southern Triangle Macro-region.

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“…Also, in the Netherlands, there was no effect of birth cohort on the prevalence of HCV infection when screening was offered to patients born between 1948 and 1978 in a primary care setting, even though the study was performed in two hot spots for HCV (prevalence >1%) . A seroprevalence study in the Czech Republic in 2015 did identify a birth cohort with a higher HCV prevalence, namely patients born between 1971 and 1985 . In Spain, seroprevalence was 1.6% in patients born between 1949 and 1974 who visited the hospital for a colonoscopy …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36 A seroprevalence study in the Czech Republic in 2015 did identify a birth cohort with a higher HCV prevalence, namely patients born between 1971 and 1985. 37 In Spain, seroprevalence was 1.6% in patients born between 1949 and 1974 who visited the hospital for a colonoscopy. 38 The effect of age and gender found in the present study could have been influenced by higher proportions of PWID and imprisonment in certain groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for hepatitis C at the emergency department: Should babyboomers also be screened in Belgium?

Bielen

Kremer

Koc

et al. 2018

Liver International

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Background & Aims Patients are not screened adequately for hepatitis C virus infection in Belgium. In the USA, the Center for Disease Control recommends screening for patients born in the babyboom period (1945‐1965). In Europe, the babyboom cohort was born between 1955 and 1974, but no screening policy has been targeted to this group. We aimed to study the prevalence of hepatitis C virus in an emergency department population in Belgium and the risk factors associated with hepatitis C virus infection. Method We performed a monocentric, cross‐sectional seroprevalence study between January and November 2017 in a large Belgian non‐university hospital. Patients aged 18‐70 years presenting at the emergency department were eligible. Patients completed a risk assessment questionnaire and were screened for hepatitis C virus antibodies (Ab) with reflex hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid testing. Results Of 2970 patients, 2366 (79.7%) agreed to participate. hepatitis C virus Ab prevalence was 1.31%. Twenty‐one (67.7%) hepatitis C virus Ab‐positive patients were born between 1955 and 1974. With a previous treatment uptake of 54.5%, the prevalence of viremia was 0.9% in retrospect; 0.2% were newly diagnosed. The weighted multiple logistic regression model identified males born in the 1955‐1974 cohort, intravenous drug use and high endemic birth country as significant risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection (P < 0.05). Conclusion Although the prevalence of hepatitis C virus Ab at the emergency department was higher than previously estimated for the general population in Belgium, the number of newly diagnosed patients with viremia was low. To optimize screening strategies, screening should be offered to males born in the 1955‐1974 cohort, but especially in drug users, the prison population and immigrants from high endemic countries.

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Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in adult population in the Czech Republic – time for birth cohort screening

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in the treatment of genotype 3 chronic hepatitis C virus infection in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in the treatment of genotype 3 chronic hepatitis C virus infection in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Epidemiological survey of hepatitis C in a region considered to have high prevalence: the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Screening for hepatitis C at the emergency department: Should babyboomers also be screened in Belgium?

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