Prevalence of ectoparasites in free-range backyard chickens, domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) and turkeys of Kermanshah province, west of Iran

Rezaei, Farid; Hashemnia, Mohammad; Chalechale, Abdolali; Seidi, Shahin; Gholizadeh, Masoumeh

doi:10.1007/s12639-014-0524-5

Cited by 25 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Our results regarding the age of animal were in disagreement with the findings of Mulugeta et al (2013), Firaol et al (2014) and Rezaei et al (2016) who reported that young chickens were more infested than adult animals.…”

Section: Journal Of Animal Health and Productioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Among the identified flea species, Echidnophaga gallinacea was detected in 2 ± 1.22% of examined birds. The prevalence of this ectoparasite in our study was not similar to those reported from west of Iran with 6% (Rezaei et al, 2016), 18% in California (Murillo and Mullens, 2016), 29.6% in Abuja (Nigeria) (Odenu et al,. 2016), 27.3% in Gombe (Nigeria) (Lawal et al, 2016) and from different regions in Ethiopia with 26.6% (Mata et al, 2018) to 51.3% (Belihu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Journal Of Animal Health and Productioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…Results of this study show overall prevalence assessed to 19 ± 3.39% (98 animals out of 512 examined) in the northeast region of Tunisia. High prevalence was found in other countries, such as Zimbabwe (Goromonzi District) (100%)(Permin et al, 2002), Potiskum (Nigeria) (84.50%) (Lawal et al, 2017), Benue State (Nigeria) (69.7%) (Oche et al, 2016), West of Iran (64.83%)(Rezaei et al, 2016) and Algeria (69-100%, according to the region study)(Meguini et al, 2018). Infestation by ectoparasites is favorited in free range farming system by several factors, such as possible contact of chickens with animals of other poultry species and wild birds(Adelusi et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 97%

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Occurrence of Ectoparasites in Backyard Domestic Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the Northeast of Tunisia

Kaboudi¹,

Romdhane²,

Salem³

et al. 2019

JAHP

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B ackyard poultry sector is considered as an important source of income for several families in rural areas in Tunisia. These flocks provide a cheap source of protein in the form of meat and eggs. This traditional production contributes to the national poultry production with average of 7% (GIPAC, 2010). Several factors limit the productivity in free-range poultry flocks. Malnutrition, poor management, lack of biosafety conditions and poor vaccination plans. Losses have also been attributed to limit housing and specific veterinary care services. Furthermore, poor genetic potential due to lack of selection and predation are also potential threats to productivity. Parasitic infestation is considered as an important health problem in free-range poultry which handicaps production (Mungube et al., 2008). Birds reared in the free range system are at constant risk of infestation by several types of endoparasites and ectoparasites. Several, species of ectoparasites (flies, lice, mites, and ticks) can infest poultry (Permin et al., 2002). They cause discomfort, decrease in growth and egg production, anaemia, irritation, loss of plumage and skin lesions that may be site of secondary infection. Death may occur when infestation is massive. Environments with high parasitic pressure can limit immunity protection against infectious diseases. A number of epidemiological factors including host, sex, age, breed and environment may influence the occurrence research Article Abstract | The presence of ectoparasites on birds can lead to low productivity and eventually death. This study was carried out to identify and estimate the prevalence of ectoparasites of free-range poultry (Gallus gallus), in the Northeast of Tunisia. A total of 512 birds of both sexes and aged from 1.5 month to 24 months were examined and/ or necropsied. Results showed that 19 ± 3.39% (98 birds), as overall prevalence, were infested by at least one parasite specie. Young animals were more infested (13 ± 2.91%) than adults (6 ± 2.05%). There was significant difference (P < 0.05) in prevalence found during rainy and cold seasons (winter: 24 ± 6.59%; spring: 23 ± 7.83%; autumn: 20 ± 7.87%). Six species of ectoparasite were identified in the present study. Cnemidocoptes mutans (8 ± 2.35%) was the most prevalent, followed by Menopon gallinae (6 ± 2.05%), Laminosioptes cysticola (3 ± 1.47%), tick larvae of Argas persicus (3 ± 1.47%), Echidnophaga gallinacea (3 ± 1.47%) and Menacanthus stramineus (2 ± 1.22%). Infestation by one species of ectoparasite (13 ± 2.91%) was more frequently than mixed infestation (6 ± 2.05%). On the basis of these results it could be suggested that, good management, biosecurity and the education of farmers could be a vital measures to keep free from ectoparasites and improve the productivity of the chicken.

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Section: Journal Of Animal Health and Productioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Journal Of Animal Health and Productioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

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confidence: 97%

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Occurrence of Ectoparasites in Backyard Domestic Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the Northeast of Tunisia

Kaboudi¹,

Romdhane²,

Salem³

et al. 2019

JAHP

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“…Mites (78.8%), lice (63.1%) and worm (44.1%) were commonly observed compared to fleas and ticks among the poultry population (see table 6). Anaemia, prolong maturity, poor feed utilization, drop in production, and irritation, were apparent clinical conditions described by farmers which are in agreement with (23,24) reports. Chart 1 illustrates the different approaches farmers used when there is an outbreak of parasitic infestation.…”

Section: Table6 Common Diseases and Parasites Listed By Farmerssupporting

confidence: 88%

Current Status of Indigenous Chicken Production in Moyamba District, Sierra Leone.

2019

International Journal of Research Studies in Microbiology and B

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Indigenous Chicken production is a common practice in Sierra Leone that strengthen the livelihoods, economic and socio-cultural wellbeing of many rural farmers. Regardless of their significant roles, some challenges undercut the productivity of these chickens if key measures are not taken. It is against this backdrop the study was conducted to investigate the current status of Indigenous Chicken Production in Moyamba District, Sierra Leone. Data was gathered using semi-structured questionnaires, personal observation, and discussions from 222 randomly selected participants in six communities. The result revealed that household consumption, socio-cultural practices, income earning and maintaining breeding stock, were identified as the main reason for keeping indigenous chickens. Chickens were mainly owned and managed by women (70.9%) assisted by children under the traditional management system. Major constraints including diseases/parasites, high mortality, poor conventional treatment, lack of information, poor market, predators attack, and inadequate feeding were reported. The main disease reported was Newcastle disease (ND) while hawk and lice were serious predator and ectoparasite in the study areas respectively. 81.0% of the respondents used traditional medicines to treat sick birds, 2.9% admitted to basic veterinary services while 16.1% offered no treatment services. Good management practices including biosecurity, and vaccination was not adhered to. 59.5% of the farmers shared their dwelling houses with their chickens, 9.5% built separate chicken houses while 31.1% did not provide shelter. There is a need to strengthen animal healthcare, marketing opportunities as well as extension and research services in the district.

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“…An examination of poultry houses in private holdings in Southern California found poultry mites D. gallinae -55%, Menacanthus stramineus chewing lice -5%, Goniocotes gallinae -3%, Lipeurus caponis -20%, Menopon gallinae -15%, Cuclotogaster heterographs -5%; Echidnophaga gallinacea fleas -20%, parasitic mites Ornithonyssus sylviarum -15% and Knemidocoptes mutans -10% (Murillo & Mullens, 2016). According Rezaei et al (2016), during the examination of poultry houses in Colombia, D. gallinae mites were detected in 8.5% of households. Also, ectoparasites such as Menacanthus stramineus, M. gallinae, Cuclotogaster heterographus, Goniocotes gallinae, Ornithonyssus bursa, K. mutans were found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of poultry ectoparasites in industrial farms, farms, and private plots with different rearing technologies

2018

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One of the problems in growing and keeping poultry, both in industrial and farm and kitchen garden environments is ectoparasites, which are responsible for lowering the productivity of poultry and causing economic losses. The study of the prevalence and diagnosis of bird ectoparasites on poultry farms with different maintenance technologies is important for the further development of integrated methods for combating them. Our research was conducted during 2006–2017 in 16 regions of Ukraine and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. In total, 38 poultry farms specializing in egg production with poultry kept in battery cages, 18 poultry houses specializing in egg production with poultry kept on the floor and more than 150 farm and kitchen garden poultry houses for keeping chickens, turkeys, quails, guinea fowl and pigeons were examined. We found that, both with battery cages and when poultry are kept on the floor in poultry farms, the most common ectoparasites are chicken mites (Dermanyssus gallinae), which causes the disease of dermanyssiosis. It was determined that the extensivity of the invasion was, on average, from 56% to 80%. Also, in the chickens and turkeys, mallophages (Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus), which cause mallophagoses, were detected, and the extensivity of the invasion ranged from 27% to 45%. In farms and kitchen gardens where chickens, guinea fowl and quails were kept, the number of chicken mites in 1 g substrate was more than a thousand live mites, in dovecotes chicken mites were found in 50% to 100% of nests. In chickens and turkeys, besides the chicken mite, bird lice were found. In chickens, extensivity of invasion of M. gallinae, M. stramineus, Lipeurus variabilis, ranged from 15% to 22%, in turkeys, extensivity of invasion of M. gallinae and M. stramineus ranged from 16% to 25%. The scaly leg mite (Knemidocoptes mutans), which causes the disease knemidocoptiasis ("lame leg"), was detected in incubating hens over the age of two years, the extensivity of the invasion ranged from 5% to 7%. It was established that in poultry farms, both in battery cages and when the birds were kept on the floor, the main ectoparasite in chickens, guinea fowl and quail is red chicken mite (D. gallinae), and on poultry farms and kitchen gardens in addition to the chicken mite, three types of bird lice (M. gallinae, M. stramineus, L. variabilis) and K. mutans were found.

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Prevalence of ectoparasites in free-range backyard chickens, domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) and turkeys of Kermanshah province, west of Iran

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

Occurrence of Ectoparasites in Backyard Domestic Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the Northeast of Tunisia

Occurrence of Ectoparasites in Backyard Domestic Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the Northeast of Tunisia

Current Status of Indigenous Chicken Production in Moyamba District, Sierra Leone.

Distribution of poultry ectoparasites in industrial farms, farms, and private plots with different rearing technologies

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