Prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen 1.1 in dogs in Switzerland evaluated with the gel column technique

Abstract

Canine blood typing has become an established and essential laboratory test due to the rising demand for safe and efficient blood transfusions. The most immunogenic and clinically important blood type is DEA 1.1. Little is known about DEA 1.1 frequencies or special characteristics among different canine breeds. 304 dogs were tested for DEA 1.1. DEA 1.1-typing was performed using a commercial gel column technique (ID-Gel Test Canine DEA 1.1, DiaMed, Cressier, Switzerland). Fifty-three percent of all tested dogs reacted positive for DEA 1.1, whereas 49 % of the mixed breeds tested DEA 1.1-positive. All Bernese mountain dogs (n = 22) and Rottweilers (n = 9) tested positive for DEA 1.1, while all Boxers (n = 8), Flat-Coated Retrievers (n = 9), and Border Collies (6) tested negative for DEA 1.1. The prevalence of DEA 1.1 in dogs in Switzerland was found to be comparable to that reported from other countries. The tested breeds were found to differ considerably in the frequency of DEA 1.1. This knowledge is useful for selection of blood donors. However, DEA 1.1 blood typing of donor and recipient prior to transfusion and cross matching in sensitized dogs is unavoidable.

Prevalence of Dog Erythrocyte Antigen 1 in 7,414 Dogs in Italy

“…These results are comparable to those found in other previous investigations: 78.0–100% in Rottweiler, 77.0–95.0% in Golden Retriever, and 71.0–100% in Dachshund [24, 28, 29, 36, 37]. It is important to know the frequency of DEA 1 positive blood type in the Rottweiler and Golden Retriever as they could be enrolled as blood donors, because their weight is in the range established for donations and they are generally docile dogs.…”

“…In this study, the Labrador Retriever breed showed a high prevalence for DEA 1 positive type (65.3%) as reported previously in studies carried out in Switzerland, South Africa, and Italy [24, 29, 37]. Nevertheless, in the published study from Portugal, Labrador Retrievers showed a higher prevalence for DEA 1 negative type (55.0%), although those results could be related to the low number of dogs (number 29) tested in comparison to our data (number 478) [28].…”

“…The high prevalence for DEA 1 negative type in German Shepherd was similar to that found previously in few countries such as South Africa (84.0%) [24], Portugal (100%) [28], Brazil, and Italy (both 90.0%) [29, 36]. Almost the same situation was observed in the Boxer, in addition to South Africa (88.0%) [24], Portugal (100%) [28], Switzerland (100%) [37], and Italy (80.0%) [29]. It is noteworthy that DEA 1 negative frequencies in French Bulldog (77.9%) and West Highland White Terrier (63.0%) were not previously reported.…”

“…These values are different from those found in other countries such as Switzerland which reported a high prevalence for DEA 1 negative (67%) type in the Poodle and in Portugal which reported 68.8% of DEA 1 negative type in the English Cocker Spaniel [28, 37]. …”

Survey of Blood Groups DEA 1, DEA 4, DEA 5, Dal, and Kai 1/Kai 2 in Different Canine Breeds From a Diagnostic Laboratory in Germany

“…Blood typing methods have evolved from tube and card tests to immunochromatographic strip, cartridge, and flow cytometry assays, but additional typing kits for other blood types would be desirable (1,(21)(22)(23)(24). Several limited surveys have been performed for DEA 1, and a few have assessed other blood types in North America and Europe (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), but there have been no comprehensive surveys carried out on a canine population typing for many blood groups.…”