Prevalence of comorbidities in the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Badawi, Alaa; Ryoo, Seung Gwan

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.015

Cited by 663 publications

(702 citation statements)

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“…21 Additionally, about half of patients infected by 2019nCoV had chronic underlying diseases, mainly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes; this is similar to MERSCoV. 19 Our results suggest that 2019nCoV is more likely to infect older adult males with chronic comorbidities as a result of the weaker immune func tions of these patients. [19][20][21][22] Some patients, especially severely ill ones, had co infections of bacteria and fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…19 Our results suggest that 2019nCoV is more likely to infect older adult males with chronic comorbidities as a result of the weaker immune func tions of these patients. [19][20][21][22] Some patients, especially severely ill ones, had co infections of bacteria and fungi. Common bacterial cultures of patients with secondary infections included A baumannii, K pneumoniae, A flavus, C glabrata, and C albicans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…MERSCoV and SARSCoV have also been found to infect more males than females. 19,20 The reduced susceptibility of females to viral infections could be attributed to the protection from X chromosome and sex hormones, which play an important role in innate and adaptive immunity. 21 Additionally, about half of patients infected by 2019nCoV had chronic underlying diseases, mainly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes; this is similar to MERSCoV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 patients used noninvasive ventilator mechanical ventilation for 4-22 days (median 9 days [IQR 7-19]). Four patients used an invasive ventilator to assist ventilation for 3-20 days (median 17 [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]). The ventilator adopted PSIMV mode, the inhaled oxygen concentration was 35-100%, and the positive end expiratory pressure was 6-12 cm H 2 O.…”

Section: Implications Of All the Available Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study

et al. 2020

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Background In December, 2019, a pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China. We aimed to further clarify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.Methods In this retrospective, single-centre study, we included all confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital from Jan 1 to Jan 20, 2020. Cases were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and were analysed for epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and radiological features and laboratory data. Outcomes were followed up until Jan 25, 2020. FindingsOf the 99 patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia, 49 (49%) had a history of exposure to the Huanan seafood market. The average age of the patients was 55·5 years (SD 13·1), including 67 men and 32 women. 2019-nCoV was detected in all patients by real-time RT-PCR. 50 (51%) patients had chronic diseases. Patients had clinical manifestations of fever (82 [83%] patients), cough (81 [82%] patients), shortness of breath (31 [31%] patients), muscle ache (11 [11%] patients), , 74 (75%) patients showed bilateral pneumonia, 14 (14%) patients showed multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity, and one (1%) patient had pneu mothorax. 17 (17%) patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and, among them, 11 (11%) patients worsened in a short period of time and died of multiple organ failure. confusion (nine [9%] patients), headache (eight [8%] patients), sore throat (five [5%] patients), rhinorrhoea (four [4%] patients), chest pain (two [2%] patients), diarrhoea (two [2%] patients), and nausea and vomiting (one [1%] patient). According to imaging examinationInterpretation The 2019-nCoV infection was of clustering onset, is more likely to affect older males with comorbidities, and can result in severe and even fatal respiratory diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome. In general, characteristics of patients who died were in line with the MuLBSTA score, an early warning model for predicting mortality in viral pneumonia. Further investigation is needed to explore the applicability of the MuLBSTA score in predicting the risk of mortality in 2019-nCoV infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications Of All the Available Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study

et al. 2020

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“…Comorbidities are found in 46-68.6% of patients, in particular diabetes and high blood pressure, followed by other heart conditions and finally obesity [34,37,38,41].…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)

Bleibtreu

Bertine

Bertin

et al. 2020

Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses

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a b s t r a c tSince the first case of human infection by the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Saudi Arabia in June 2012, more than 2260 cases of confirmed MERS-CoV infection and 803 related deaths have been reported since the 16th of October 2018. The vast majority of these cases (71%) were reported in Saudi Arabia but the epidemic has now spread to 27 countries and has not ceased 6 years later, unlike SARS-CoV that disappeared a little less than 2 years after emerging. Due to the high fatality rate observed in MERS-CoV infected patients (36%), much effort has been put into understanding the origin and pathophysiology of this novel coronavirus to prevent it from becoming endemic in humans. This review focuses in particular on the origin, epidemiology and clinical manifestations of MERS-CoV, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of infected patients. The experience gained over recent years on how to manage the different risks related to this kind of epidemic will be key to being prepared for future outbreaks of communicable disease. Mots clés : Maladies émergentes MERS-CoV Coronavirus Pneumonie r é s u m é Depuis le premier cas d'infection liée au Middle East Respiratory Syndrome -Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), détecté en Arabie Saoudite en juin 2012, le MERS-CoV a donné lieu, au 16 octobre 2018, à plus de 2260 cas d'infections confirmées et à 803 décès. La grande majorité des cas (71 %) ont été déclarés en ArabieSaoudite mais l'épidémie a depuis touché 27 pays et n'est toujours pas enrayée 6 ans après son émergence, contrairement au SRAS-CoV qui a disparu un peu moins de deux ans après sa première détection. En raison du taux important de décès observé parmi les patients infectés par le MERS-CoV (36 %), beaucoup d'efforts ont été déployés pour comprendre l'origine et la physiopathologie de ce nouveau coronavirus ainsi que pour lutter contre une éventuelle installation endémique de ce virus au sein de la population humaine. Cette revue s'attache plus particulièrement à retracer l'origine et l'épidémiologie du MERS-CoV à décrire la clinique observée chez les patients ainsi que la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique des patients infectés. L'expérience acquise au cours des dernières années dans la gestion des différents risques liés à ce type d'épidémie est importante pour pouvoir faire face à la prochaine émergence d'infection transmissible.

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Potential Effects of Coronaviruses on the Cardiovascular System

Safavi‐Naeini²,

et al. 2020

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oronaviruses (CoVs) are single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses, with the capacity for rapid mutation and recombination. Coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory or intestinal infections in humans and animals. 1 Acute respiratory infections, including influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and bacterial pneumonias, are well-recognized triggers for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), 2,3 and the underlying CVD is usually associated with comorbidities, which may increase the incidence and severity of infectious diseases. 4 The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has rapidly grown into a pandemic, and a large proportion of affected patients have been reported to have underlying CVD. 5,6 In this report, we briefly review the basics of coronaviruses and their potential effects on the cardiovascular system. Our knowledge of COVID-19 is still evolving rapidly, and this review discusses previous learnings from outbreaks of SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), as well as seasonal influenza, to obtain further insight into effects of coronaviruses on the cardiovascular system. Understanding the effects of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system is essential for providing comprehensive medical care for cardiac patients. Coronaviruses in HumansCoronaviruses are named for crownlike spikes on their surface and belong to the Coronavirinae subfamily, which are further classified into 4 groups: the α, β, γ, and δ CoVs by phylogenetic clustering, of which α and β are known to cause infection in humans. 7 Coronaviruses contain 4 major structural proteins: the spike (S) protein (which mediates attachment to the host receptor and subsequent fusion of the virus and cell membrane), the nucleocapsid (N) protein, the membrane (M) protein, and the envelope (E) protein. 8 The first human CoV (HCoV) was identified in the mid-1960s in human embryonic tracheal organ cultures, and until 2003, only 2 HCoV species, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43, were recognized. Currently, 7 different CoV strains are known to infect humans, including HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1, which generally cause self-resolving infection. There are also severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and newly identified SARS-CoV-2, which can cause lethal respiratory infections in humans. 9,10 IMPORTANCE Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached a pandemic level. Coronaviruses are known to affect the cardiovascular system. We review the basics of coronaviruses, with a focus on COVID-19, along with their effects on the cardiovascular system.OBSERVATIONS Coronavirus disease 2019 can cause a viral pneumonia with additional extrapulmonary manifestations and complications. A large proportion of patients have underlying cardiovascular disease and/or cardiac risk factors. Factors associated with mortality include mal...

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Prevalence of comorbidities in the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 663 publications

References 32 publications

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study

Focus on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)

Potential Effects of Coronaviruses on the Cardiovascular System

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