Prevalence of Asymptomatic Achilles Tendinosis

Noback, Peter C.; Freibott, Christina E.; Tantigate, Direk; Jang, Eugene; Greisberg, Justin; Wong, Tony T.

doi:10.1177/1071100718778592

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Additionally, abnormal findings were identified in 74.4% of Caucasian participants and 53.5% of African American participants, further demonstrating the increased prevalence of tendinopathic changes observed in our Caucasian population, which is well documented in the literature. 7,8,11…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A multitude of imaging characteristics have been demonstrated to indicate the presence of tendinopathy in other tendons of the body, including hypoechogenicity, thinning, tendon enlargement or thickening, increased vascularization (ie, hyperemia), the presence of calcification, and the presence of fluid or swelling around the tendon. 2,4,8,10,11 However, current literature is limited surrounding the frequency of these incidental-abnormal US findings in asymptomatic PTTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Abnormal Ultrasound Findings in Asymptomatic Posterior Tibial Tendons

et al. 2020

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Background: Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is a pathological condition that can cause failure of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT). Initially, patients with PTTD are often asymptomatic, making early identification and treatment challenging. Certain ultrasound (US) characteristics have been implicated in the presence of tendinopathy, but their frequency has yet to be assessed in the PTT. The purpose of this study was to identify and report on the frequency of incidental, or potentially early subclinical, tendinopathic US characteristics in asymptomatic PTTs. Methods: Following institutional review board approval, 150 participants underwent a bilateral-comprehensive US assessment. The resulting images were reviewed and assessed to identify the presence of abnormalities demonstrated to represent tendinopathy. Results: Overall, 266 tendons were assessed and 128 (48.1%) were determined to have at least one tendinopathic trait. Specifically, 51 (19.2%) had circumferential fluid, 69 (25.9%) had noncircumferential fluid, 22 (8.3%) had thickening, 31 (11.7%) had heterogenicity, 19 (7.1%) had hyperemia, and 2 (0.8%) had calcification. Additionally, Caucasian participants were found to be nearly 3 times more likely to have tendinopathic findings when compared with African American participants. Conclusion: Sixty-seven percent of participants and 48.1% of PTTs evaluated had at least one tendinopathic feature identified on US. The prevalence rates of these findings, observed in participants, were as follows: noncircumferential fluid, circumferential fluid, heterogenicity, and thickening. Knowing the frequency of these traits may help clinicians to identify subclinical tendinopathy in the PTT before it progresses to PTTD. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Abnormal Ultrasound Findings in Asymptomatic Posterior Tibial Tendons

et al. 2020

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“…The prevalence of clinically manifest conditions in risk groups is high: in a cohort of football players, 21% suffered from Achilles tendon problems [1]. Moreover, even in clinically healthy volunteers, ultrasonographic evidence of Achilles tendon alterations was found in 16% [2]. This indicates that clinical manifestation is only the tip of the iceberg, the basis of which is a long-term interplay of inflammatory and degenerative changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Action of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Tendon Disease

Burk¹

2019

Tendons

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Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic tool to treat tendon disease. Aiming to establish successful treatment approaches and to fully exploit the regenerative potential of the MSC, it is crucial to understand their mechanisms of action. However, these can be multifaceted and strongly context-sensitive and are still not well-understood in the context of tendon disease. This review aims to shed light on the different possible mechanisms, including engraftment, tenogenic differentiation, extracellular matrix synthesis and remodeling, immunomodulation, pro-angiogenetic effects, trophic support, and protection of resident tendon cells. Evidence from experimental and clinical (veterinary) case studies was compiled and interpreted in conjunction with the respective in vitro and animal models used.

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“…11 An ATR is the end product of a tendinotic tendon that undergoes an uncontrolled eccentric contracture, resulting in mechanical failure of the tendon. 12 The most appropriate treatment for ATRs remains a subject of debate, although the diagnosis of an ATR is often relatively straightforward. Surgeons typically do not need advanced imaging to make the diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI Assessment of Degeneration of the Tendon in Achilles Tendon Ruptures

Bäcker

Wong

2019

Foot Ankle Int.

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Background: The extent of tendinosis along the entire tendon in Achilles tendon ruptures (ATRs) has not previously been assessed. MR images of acute ATRs were evaluated to assess this extent, even in areas distant from the rupture. Methods: Patients who had MR images for an ATR were reviewed. Each tendon was divided into a proximal, middle, and distal segment with the full tendon length defined as the length measured from the myotendinous junction to the insertion. The site of tendon rupture, presence of tendinosis and/or additional tearing, and largest anteroposterior (AP) diameter in the remaining segments were noted. In total, 45 MR iamges were included in our study. Results: The mean total tendon length was 9.93 cm, while the length from the insertion to the tear was 5.86 cm. Of the 45 ruptures, 20 (44.4%) were in the proximal third, 19 (42.2%) in the middle third, and 6 (13.3%) in the distal third. In all remaining segments where no ruptured tendon was observed, tendinosis was seen. Further, of the 90 segments of a tendon without rupture, 87 (96.7%) had an AP diameter greater than 6 mm. Of those 90 segments without rupture, 24 (26.7%) had a secondary partial-thickness tear in another third. Conclusion: Tendinosis is a known precursor of an ATR that in the current study was not limited to the area of rupture. The finding of extensive tendon degeneration may have implications for the optimal surgical treatment. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.

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Prevalence of Asymptomatic Achilles Tendinosis

Abstract: Level II, comparative prognostic study.

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Prevalence of Abnormal Ultrasound Findings in Asymptomatic Posterior Tibial Tendons

Prevalence of Abnormal Ultrasound Findings in Asymptomatic Posterior Tibial Tendons

Mechanisms of Action of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Tendon Disease

MRI Assessment of Degeneration of the Tendon in Achilles Tendon Ruptures

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