Prevalence and risk factors for carriage of antimicrobial-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> on household and small-scale chicken farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Nguyen, Vinh Phu; Carrique-Mas, Juan; Ngo, Thi Hoa; Ho, Huynh Mai; Ha, Thanh Tuyen; Campbell, James I.; Nguyen, Trong Duc; Hoang, Ngoc Nhung; Pham, Van Minh; Wagenaar, Jaap A.; Hardon, Anita; Thai, Quoc Hieu; Schultsz, Constance

doi:10.1093/jac/dkv053

Cited by 92 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…All studies report types and classes of antimicrobials used on farms over a specified period of time. In three publications (two of which relate to the same study farms), quantitative data are also presented [16,18,23]. In two of these studies [16,18] consumption is presented in terms of grams of antimicrobial compound to produce one kilogram of chicken or pig produced, whereas in the other [23], consumption for chickens was expressed as “treatment incidence” [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In three publications, AMR was investigated in both E. coli and NTS isolates. The majority of publications included data from Thailand (20) [27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44] and Vietnam (15) [18,23,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55]. One publication was found with data from each of Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR and Malaysia [56,57,58,59].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data reporting ESBL-positive E. coli from samples using selective plates cannot be compared with individual colony-level prevalence. For example, in a survey where 208 Vietnamese chicken farms were investigated by culturing pooled faecal samples using selective plates containing ceftazidime, the sample-level prevalence was 14.9%, compared with a 0.2% prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli colonies [23]. Data from the same study indicated that the prevalence of ESBL among E. coli colonies from farmers (31.1%) and other non-farming human communities was much higher (38.3%–49.5%) than among isolates from chickens (20.0%), due to extensive use of cephalosporins by the human subjects [119].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Production in Southeast Asia: A Review

et al. 2016

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Southeast Asia is an area of great economic dynamism. In recent years, it has experienced a rapid rise in the levels of animal product production and consumption. The region is considered to be a hotspot for infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We reviewed English-language peer-reviewed publications related to antimicrobial usage (AMU) and AMR in animal production, as well as antimicrobial residues in meat and fish from 2000 to 2016, in the region. There is a paucity of data from most countries and for most bacterial pathogens. Most of the published work relates to non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Campylobacter spp. (mainly from Vietnam and Thailand), Enterococcus spp. (Malaysia), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Thailand). However, most studies used the disk diffusion method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; breakpoints were interpreted using Clinical Standard Laboratory Institute (CSLI) guidelines. Statistical models integrating data from publications on AMR in NTS and E. coli studies show a higher overall prevalence of AMR in pig isolates, and an increase in levels of AMR over the years. AMU studies (mostly from Vietnam) indicate very high usage levels of most types of antimicrobials, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and quinolones. This review summarizes information about genetic determinants of resistance, most of which are transferrable (mostly plasmids and integrons). The data in this review provide a benchmark to help focus research and policies on AMU and AMR in the region.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Production in Southeast Asia: A Review

et al. 2016

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“…It could be also possible that antimicrobial resistant E. coli might be transmitted from food-animals and raw foods to human. The previous studies from southern Vietnam suggested that food-animals and raw foods could be a potential reservoir of antimicrobial resistance bacteria that disseminated to human [31, 49]. It was found that commensal E. coli isolates on household and small-scale chicken farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam have high prevalence of resistance to TET, AMP, SXT, and CHL ( >60%) and MDR (81.3%), indicating the high risk of transmission of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli to community [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, much attention has been paid to ESBL-producing E. coli in healthy individuals as well [1, 4, 5, 15, 21, 22, 32, 42, 44, 47, 50]. In Vietnam, prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in commensal E. coli was investigated in only children [14], raw food samples [49], household and small chicken farms [31]. However, comprehensive studies regarding analysis of antimicrobial resistance, ESBL type and virulence gene profile of commensal E. coli in adults were not conducted.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance profiles and molecular characterization of <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains isolated from healthy adults in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Hoang

Awasthi

Nguyen³

et al. 2017

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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In this study, we attempted to isolate Escherichia coli from healthy adults in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and characterized its antimicrobial resistance profile, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genotype, phylogenetic grouping and virulence gene profile. A total of 103 E. coli isolates were obtained, and most of them were antimicrobial resistant such to streptomycin (80.6%), tetracycline (67.0%), ampicillin (65.0%), sulfamethoxsazole/trimethoprim (48.5%), nalidixic acid (43.7%), chloramphenicol (34.0%), cefotaxime (15.5%), ciprofloxacin (15.5%), kanamycin (12.6%), ceftazidime (10.7%), fosfomycin (4.9%) and gentamicin (2.9%). However, all these E. coli strains were susceptible to imipenem. Surprisingly, of 103 strains, 74 (71.8%) and 43 (41.7%) strains showed resistance to more than 3 and 5 classes of antimicrobials, respectively. Furthermore, 10 E. coli strains were ESBL-producers and positive for blaCTX-M genes (7 for blaCTX-M-9 and 3 for blaCTX-M-1), while five were additionally positive for blaTEM genes. S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that 7 and 3 strains of E. coli carry blaCTX-M genes on their large plasmid and chromosome, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis exhibited that majority of the E. coli strains was grouped into A (44.7%), followed by B1 (23.3%), B2 (18.4%) and D (13.6%). Virulence genes associated with diarrheagenic E. coli, such as astA, EAF, eaeA, elt and eagg were also detected in ESBL-producing E. coli as well as antimicrobial resistant strains. These data suggest that commensal E. coli of healthy human could be a reservoir for antimicrobial resistance determinants and some of them might be harmful to human.

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Antimicrobial Resistance and the Private Sector in Southeast Asia

Liverani

Hashiguchi

Khan

et al. 2020

Public Health Ethics Analysis

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Southeast Asia is considered a regional hotspot for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A commonality across countries in the region, particularly those with lower incomes such as Cambodia, Myanmar, Lao PDR and Vietnam, is the high utilisation of private healthcare providers, often unregulated, which may play a role in driving AMR. In this chapter we discuss challenges to the control of AMR in Southeast Asia, with a focus on the role of the private sector. After providing an overview of the problem and current policy responses, we consider ethical issues of equity and fairness that may arise from the implementation of established and proposed interventions.

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Prevalence and risk factors for carriage of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli on household and small-scale chicken farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Abstract: Escherichia coli multidrug resistant to widely available antibacterials poses a threat to humans, their poultry and their environment when the prevalence is high, and containment is low.

Cited by 92 publications

References 37 publications

Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Production in Southeast Asia: A Review

Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Production in Southeast Asia: A Review

Antimicrobial resistance profiles and molecular characterization of <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains isolated from healthy adults in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Antimicrobial Resistance and the Private Sector in Southeast Asia

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