Prevalence and risk factors for epilepsy in children with spastic cerebral palsy

Abstract

Background epilepsy in cerebral palsy (CP) is usually difficult to treat and can lead to poor prognosis due to increased risk for motor and cognitive disorders. The prevalence and risk factors of epilepsy in children with CP vary among studies. Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors for epilepsy in spastic CP. Methods We performed a retrospective study using medical records of patients with spastic CP at the Departement of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January 2003 until December 2008. Prevalence ratio was calculated by comparing the prevalence of epilepsy in subjects with and without risk factors. We excluded patients with metabolic disorder, genetic syndrome, and onset of CP after 3 years of age. Results Two hundred thirty six out of 238 spastic CP patients were analyzed. The mean age at diagnosis of spastic CP was 28.8 months. male to female ratio was 1.4:1. The prevalence of epilepsy in spastic CP was 39%. The risk factors for epilepsy in spastic CP were central nervous system infection, the ocurrence of seizure in the first year of life, and abnormality of eeG. Conclusions The prevalence of epilepsy in spastic CP is 39%. The risk factors for epilepsy in spastic CP are post central nervous system infection, and ocurrence of seizure in the first year of life.

Profile of Epilepsy Patients in the Pediatric Ward at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya in the Period of January-December 2017

“…This is in line with research conducted by Suwarba (2011) where the percentage of general seizure of epilepsy in the pediatric patients reached approximately 80% if all (Suwarba, 2011). One of the commonest comorbid is the cerebral palsy (CP), this may underlie high incidence of general type of seizures in children with epilepsy (Rahmat and Mangunatmadja, 2016). Based on this research, more patients come from Surabaya than from outside of Surabaya.…”

Gross motor dysfunction as a risk factor for aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy

“…Another study in Indonesia found that the mean age at CP diagnosis was 28.8 months. 7 The majority of subjects in this study had GMFCS level V (30/36) and spastic quadriplegic type of CP. This study was conducted in the top tertiary hospital which explained why most study subjects had the severe form of CP and gross motor function level.…”

<p>Distribusi fraktur mahkota gigi anterior rahang atas pada anak dengan cerebral palsy</p><p>Distribution of maxillary crown fracture in anterior teeth in children with cerebral palsy</p>

“…Cerebral palsy merupakan kondisi kerusakan otak permanen nonprogresif yang terjadi pada usia dini, mengakibatkan kelainan pada perkembangan otak, posisi, tonus otot, koordinasi motorik, dan manifestasi neurologis lainnya. 3 Keadaan rongga mulut penderita cerebral palsy ditandai dengan peningkatan frekuensi penyakit periodontal, peningkatan karies, atrisi gigi, hipoplasia enamel, maloklusi, kebersihan mulut yang buruk, dan fraktur gigi. 4 Kondisi kerusakan fungsi motorik merupakan tanda dari anak dengan cerebral palsy, namun banyak anak juga mengalami kerusakan fungsi sensori, komunikasi, dan intelektual serta mengalami keterbatasan kompleks dalam fungsi rawat diri.…”