Prevalence and financial loss estimation of parasitic diseases detected in slaughtered cattle in Kwara State, North-central Nigeria

Ola-Fadunsin, Shola David; Uwabujo, Patricia Isioma; Halleed, Ibrahim Ndaman; Richards, Bukola

doi:10.1007/s12639-019-01154-y

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The ethyl acetate extract of C. nucifera presented no acute oral toxicity at the tested doses. However, the intraperitoneal and intramuscular administration was toxic ( Tayler et al, 2020 ). Moreover, the hemoglobin level fallen below the normal limit after 8 days, suggesting that the extract could have negative effects if used for longer periods of time ( Tayler et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the intraperitoneal and intramuscular administration was toxic ( Tayler et al, 2020 ). Moreover, the hemoglobin level fallen below the normal limit after 8 days, suggesting that the extract could have negative effects if used for longer periods of time ( Tayler et al, 2020 ). Similarly, E. staigeriana essential oil when administered orally was non-toxic, while intraperitoneal administration did not depict similar results ( Macedo et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review on Comparative Analysis, Toxicology, and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Against Haemonchus contortus

et al. 2021

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Background:Haemonchus contortus is an important pathogenic nematode parasite and major economic constraint of small ruminants in tropics and subtropics regions. This review is an attempt to systematically address the; (a) efficacy of different plants against H. contortus by in vitro and in vivo proof; (b) toxicology, mechanism of action, and active phyto-compounds involve in anti-haemonchiasis activity; (c) and comparative analysis of plant species evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Online databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) were searched and published research articles (1980–2020) were gathered and reviewed. Results: A total of 187 plant species were reported belonging to 59 families and 145 genera with Asteraceae and Fabaceae being frequently used. Out of the total plant species, 171 species were found to be evaluated in vitro and only 40 species in vivo. Twenty-four species were commonly evaluated for in vitro and in vivo anti-haemonchiasis activity. Among the reported assays, egg hatching test (EHT) and fecal egg count reduction (FECR) were the most widely used assays in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Moreover, sheep were the frequently used experimental model in vivo. After comparative analysis, Lachesiodendron viridiflorum, Corymbia citriodora, Calotropis procera, and Artemisia herba-alba were found highly effective both in vitro and in vivo. L. viridiflorum inhibited enzymatic activities and metabolic processes of the parasite and was found to be safe without toxic effects. C. citriodora was moderately toxic in vivo, however, the plant extract produced promising nematicidal effects by causing muscular disorganization and changes in the mitochondrial profile. Additionally, C. procera and A. herba-alba despite of their high anti-haemonchiasis activity were found to be highly toxic at the tested concentrations. C. procera caused perforation and tegumental disorganization along with adult worm paralysis. Nineteen compounds were reported, among which anethole and carvone completely inhibited egg hatching in vitro and significantly reduced fecal egg count, decreased male length, and reproductive capacity of female in vivo. Conclusion: This review summarized different medicinal plants owing to nematicidal activities against H. contortus eggs, larvae, and adult worms. Plants like L. viridiflorum, C. citriodora, C. procera, and A. herba-alba, while compounds anethole and carvone having promising nematicidal activities and could be an alternative source for developing novel drugs after further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on Comparative Analysis, Toxicology, and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Against Haemonchus contortus

et al. 2021

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“…However, since only a small percentage (0.26%) of organs were condemned due to parasitic infections in this region of Greece, the economic impact was negligible [36]. Annual economic losses due to cattle fascioliasis in Iran were estimated to be 28.9 and 9.2 times the losses recorded in Nigeria (US$13,773) and Ethiopia (US$43,024), respectively [37,38]. Annual economic losses due to cattle CE were estimated to be 9.1 times the losses in Ethiopia (US$ 58,114) and 7.3 times the losses in Australia (US$ 66,893) [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evaluation of Helminth Infections Identified in Slaughtered Livestock in Iran, 2015-2019

Kiani¹,

Budke²,

Abadi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Introduction: Helminth infections of livestock can result in considerable economic losses. This study aims to evaluate the spatial frequency of cystic echinococcosis (CE), dicrocoeliasis, and fascioliasis in livestock slaughtered in Iran during the years 2015-2019 and estimate direct costs associated with organ condemnation due to these parasites.Methods: Abattoir data from all 31 Iranian provinces were collected from the Iran Veterinary Organization. Infection prevalence was calculated per year at the province level. The Local Moran's I statistic was performed to evaluate spatial autocorrelation of animals positive at slaughter for the years 2015-2019. Direct costs associated with condemned livers were calculated for each parasitic condition. Results: Overall prevalence values for the study timeframe were as follows: sheep and goat fascioliasis (1.5%, 910,282/58,393,349), cattle fascioliasis (3.8%, 23,3175/6,038,419), sheep and goat dicrocoeliasis (4.6%; 270,1274/58,393,349), cattle dicrocoeliasis (3.1%; 186,009/6,038,419), sheep and goat CE (5.3%; 3,108,767/58,393,349), and cattle CE (7.2%; 438,534/6,038,419). Northwestern Iran had the highest prevalence of CE and fascioliasis. High infection areas for Dicrocoelium spp. included the provinces of Zanjan, Gilan, Qazvin, and Tehran, which are located in northern Iran. Direct economic losses for sheep and goat fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$13,841,826, US$41,768,472, and US$22,801,296, respectively. Direct economic losses for cattle fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$1,989,582, US$1,669,289, and US$2,656,535, respectively.Conclusion: Our findings provide valuable data for future monitoring of these important parasitic diseases in Iranian livestock. Disease control strategies are required to reduce the economic and public health impact of these helminths.

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“…However, since only a small percentage (0.26%) of organs were condemned due to parasitic infections in this region of Greece, the economic impact was negligible [ 37 ]. Annual economic losses due to cattle fascioliasis in Iran were estimated to be 28.9 and 9.2 times the losses recorded in Nigeria (US$13,773) and Ethiopia (US$43,024), respectively [ 38 , 39 ]. Annual economic losses due to cattle CE were estimated to be 9.1 times the losses in Ethiopia (US$ 58,114) and 7.3 times the losses in Australia (US$ 66,893) [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of zoonotic platyhelminthe infections identified in slaughtered livestock in Iran, 2015–2019

et al. 2021

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Background Platyhelminth infections of livestock can result in considerable economic losses. This study aims to evaluate the spatial frequency of cystic echinococcosis (CE), dicrocoeliasis, and fascioliasis in livestock slaughtered in Iran during the years 2015–2019 and estimate direct costs associated with organ condemnation due to these parasites. Methods Abattoir data from 413 abattoirs representing all 31 Iranian provinces were collected from the Iran Veterinary Organization. Infection prevalence was calculated per year at the province level. The Local Moran’s I statistic was performed to evaluate spatial autocorrelation of animals positive at slaughter for the years 2015–2019. Direct costs associated with condemned livers were calculated for each parasitic condition, with costs associated with condemned lungs also included for CE. Results Overall prevalence values for the study timeframe were as follows: sheep and goat fascioliasis 1.56% (95% CI: 1.56–1.56%), cattle fascioliasis 3.86% (95% CI: 3.85–3.88%), sheep and goat dicrocoeliasis 4.63% (95% CI: 4.62–4.63%), cattle dicrocoeliasis 3.08% (95% CI: 3.07–3.09%), sheep and goat CE 5.32% (95% CI: 5.32–5.33%), and cattle CE 7.26% (95% CI: 7.24–7.28%). Northwest Iran had the highest prevalence of CE and fascioliasis. High infection areas for Dicrocoelium spp. included the provinces of Zanjan, Gilan, Qazvin, and Tehran, which are located in northern Iran. Direct economic losses for sheep and goat fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$13,842,759, US$41,771,377, and US$22,801,054, respectively. Direct economic losses for cattle fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$1,989,200, US$1,668,986, and US$2,656,568, respectively. Conclusion Our findings provide valuable data for future monitoring of these important parasitic diseases in Iranian livestock. Disease control strategies are required to reduce the economic and public health impact of these platyhelminths.

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Prevalence and financial loss estimation of parasitic diseases detected in slaughtered cattle in Kwara State, North-central Nigeria

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

A Systematic Review on Comparative Analysis, Toxicology, and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Against Haemonchus contortus

A Systematic Review on Comparative Analysis, Toxicology, and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Against Haemonchus contortus

Evaluation of Helminth Infections Identified in Slaughtered Livestock in Iran, 2015-2019

Evaluation of zoonotic platyhelminthe infections identified in slaughtered livestock in Iran, 2015–2019

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