Prevalence and etiology of onychomycosis in the HIV-infected Mexican population

Jimenez-Gonzalez, Carmen; Mata‐Marín, José Antonio; Arroyo-Anduiza, Carla Ileana; Ascencio-Montiel, Iván de Jesús; Fuentes-Allen, José Luis; Gaytán-Martı́nez, Jesús

doi:10.1684/ejd.2013.2015

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…We found that the prevalence for onychomycosis in patients living with HIV is 34.8% and males were predominantly affected (68.7%) with a male:female ratio of 2.2:1. This correlates with previously reported data . In all the cases the diagnosis was confirmed by KOH mount because the sensitivity is higher than fungal culture where only 37.5% grew …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This correlates with previously reported data. [12][13][14][18][19][20][21] In all the cases the diagnosis was confirmed by KOH mount because the sensitivity is higher than fungal culture where only 37.5% grew. 22,23 The predominant clinical presentation was DLSO (31.3%) in accordance to the most recent reports, followed by TDO and the white forms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assessed the severity of the nail involvement with the Onychomycosis Severity Index (OSI), which is a simple, objective and reproducible numeric tool . This scale rates as mild onychomycosis a score of 1–5 points, moderate or severe . We determined as the index nail the one that rated the highest score.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 This scale rates as mild onychomycosis a score of 1-5 points, moderate [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] or severe. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] We determined as the index nail the one that rated the highest score.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of improvement of onychomycosis in HIV‐infected patients after initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy without antifungal treatment

Ruíz-López

Moreno‐Coutiño

Fernández‐Martínez

et al. 2015

Mycoses

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Onychomycosis in HIV-infected patients has a prevalence of 20-44% and is more frequently seen with CD4(+) T cell counts ≤450 cel μl(-1). There are case reports of improvement in onychomycosis after initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), but there are no prospective studies that prove the existence and frequency of this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to evaluate if HIV-infected patients with onychomycosis who begin cART improve and/or cure without antifungal treatment. We included HIV-infected patients with onychomycosis who had not started cART and nor received antifungal therapy during 6 months prior to the study. We evaluated affected the nails with the Onychomycosis Severity Index (OSI); nail scrapings were collected and direct microscopy with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as well as mycological culture were performed. We repeated these procedures at 3 and 6 months to assess changes. CD4 T cell counts and HIV viral load were obtained. A total of 16 patients were included, with male gender predominance (68.7%); distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) was the most common form (31.3%). Trichophyton rubrum was the most frequently isolated microorganism. OSI decreased 21.5% at 3 months and 40% at 6 months after initiation of antiretrovirals (P = 0.05). We found a non-significant tendency towards improvement with higher CD4(+) T cell counts and with viral loads <100 000 copies ml(-1). This could be due to the increase in CD4(+) T cells, decreased percentage of Treg (CD4(+)CD25(+)) among CD4(+) Tcells and/or a decreased viral load; further studies are necessary to prove these hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of improvement of onychomycosis in HIV‐infected patients after initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy without antifungal treatment

Ruíz-López

Moreno‐Coutiño

Fernández‐Martínez

et al. 2015

Mycoses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It gives rise to significant distress and morbidity and reduces quality of life. Onychomycosis accounts for nearly 50% of all nail ailments and has prevalences of 2–10% in the general population and much higher incidences in specific high‐risk groups . High incidences of onychomycosis caused by NDMs have been reported …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%