Prevalence and Characteristics of Children With Autism-Spectrum Disorders

Nicholas, Joyce S.; Charles, Jane M.; Carpenter, Laura A.; King, Lydia; Jenner, Walter; Spratt, Eve G.

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.10.013

Cited by 194 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the sample there were 44 males and 17 females, in line with recent publications about autism that indicate a male/female ratio of about 3:1 [8].…”

Section: Participantssupporting

confidence: 58%

“…autism spectrum disorders) for which traditional intelligence tests may not be appropriate or valid. In fact, it is a completely non-verbal scale and consists of two batteries: the first is the Visualization and Reasoning (VR) Battery which includes ten subtests, measuring nonverbal cognitive visuospatial and reasoning skills then generating Brief IQ (ages 2-20), Full Scale IQ (ages [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and Fluid Reasoning Index (ages [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]; the second, that is the Attention and Memory (AM) Battery, which also consists of ten subtests that enhance the interpretation of the global nonverbal IQ score by providing valuable diagnostic indicators of speed and non-verbal memory. The two batteries can be administered together or separately.…”

Section: Measures Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (Ados)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Psychomotor Profile in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Clinical Assessments and Implications for Therapy

Renzo¹,

F²,

Vanadia³

et al. 2017

Autism Open Access

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a class of neurodevelopmental disorders defined by qualitative impairments in social functioning and communication, often accompanied by repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behaviour's and interests, with their typical onset during the first three years of life. Recent researches demonstrate that early diagnosis and intervention sensibly improve outcomes. Until now, a limit of the most common therapies has been to get poor results in approaching the relational and emotional difficulties that, finding their origin in the early interactions that the child has with the outside world, must take account of the body as first experiential and communicative channel for the new-born. Although the current assessment protocols provide for development scales and observation of motor skills, do not yet exist studies aimed at identifying characteristic psychomotor profiles and too little attention is paid to bodily dimension in therapeutic terms. The purpose of present paper is to examine the psychomotor profiles of 61 children diagnosed with ASD, analyse their specifies and correlations with symptoms and cognitive development. Results show that children with more severe impairment have greater troubles in modulating their body, in attention, in spatial organization, in symbolic play, in motor behaviour's, starting from imitation, and in communication, even from the most archaic mode, namely the tonic dialogue. Findings, supported by what has already been published on the effectiveness of early developmental-relationship-bodily based approach with ASD children, support the idea that psychomotor area should represent an essential element in childhood rehabilitative therapies, especially in autism, where it is necessary to start from body and experience intended as a solid foundation on which build cognitive and social skills Citation:

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“…In the sample there were 44 males and 17 females, in line with recent publications about autism that indicate a male/female ratio of about 3:1 [8].…”

Section: Participantssupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Measures Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (Ados)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psychomotor Profile in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Clinical Assessments and Implications for Therapy

Renzo¹,

F²,

Vanadia³

et al. 2017

Autism Open Access

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show abstract

“…The group was composed of 13 females (26%) and 37 males (74%). The M/F ratio was about 3:1, in according with recent publications on autism that indicate a relationship male/female 3:1 [33]. Table 2 reported the descriptive characteristics of the sample.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 90%

Sensory Processing and Repetitive Behaviors in Clinical Assessment of Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Renzo¹,

Castelbianco²,

Vanadia³

et al. 2017

J Child Adolesc Behav

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Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social communication and presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests, including abnormal reactions to sensory stimuli. Atypical responses to sensory input are increasingly recognized as a common feature of ASDs. In addition to repetitive patterns of behavior, the inclusion of sensory aspects in the diagnosis of autism in the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is evidence of the prevalence of sensory dysfunctions in this population. There are several tools investigating these areas, mostly rating scales that, far from wishing to replace other methods, allow a better understanding of the alterations presents and help in defining clinical picture and individual trajectory so improving diagnosis and intervention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between sensory and repetitive behavioral characteristics of a sample of 50 preschool children with ASD measured with the Short Sensory Profile and the Repetitive Behavior Scales-Revised. Results are consistent with previous researches describing the co-occurrence of repetitive behaviors and sensory response abnormalities in the ASD population. We found evidence to support that the most frequently dysfunctional sensory areas in ASD children regard tactile hypersensitivity, auditory filtering, hyporeactivity and low energy/weak; while among repetitive behaviors the most common are those stereotyped. Furthermore it emerged that direct assessment with ADOS-2, a gold standard test for ASDs, and indirect assessment with questionnaires converged on the same profiles, so suggesting the usefulness to hold together both ecological and structured observations.

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“…Furthermore, it has been reported that 20%-50% of children and adolescents in their sample of 22q11DS exhibited some 'autism spectrum problem [13,16,25,[32][33][34][35].' While reported prevalence of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) among 22q11DS varies widely from study to study, it is nevertheless considerably higher than in the general population which is around 1% to 1.5% [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Hence, impairment in social function may be a central feature of 22q11DS [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

ISDN2014_0211: An fMRI study of facial emotion processing in children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Azuma

Deeley

Campbell

et al. 2015

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Background: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS, velo-cardio-facial syndrome [VCFS]) is a genetic disorder associated with interstitial deletions of chromosome 22q11.2. In addition to high rates of neuropsychiatric disorders, children with 22q11DS have impairments of face processing, as well as IQ-independent deficits in visuoperceptual function and social and abstract reasoning. These face-processing deficits may contribute to the social impairments of 22q11DS. However, their neurobiological basis is poorly understood. Methods: We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine neural responses when children with 22q11DS (aged 9-17 years) and healthy controls (aged 8-17 years) incidentally processed neutral expressions and mild (50%) and intense (100%) expressions of fear and disgust. We included 28 right-handed children and adolescents: 14 with 22q11DS and 14 healthy (including nine siblings) controls.

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Prevalence and Characteristics of Children With Autism-Spectrum Disorders

Cited by 194 publications

References 22 publications

The Psychomotor Profile in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Clinical Assessments and Implications for Therapy

The Psychomotor Profile in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Clinical Assessments and Implications for Therapy

Sensory Processing and Repetitive Behaviors in Clinical Assessment of Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ISDN2014_0211: An fMRI study of facial emotion processing in children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

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