Pressure management for leakage reduction using pressure reducing valves. Case study in an Andean city

García-Ávila, Fernando; Avilés-Añazco, Alex; Ordoñez-Jara, Juan; Guanuchi-Quezada, Christian; Pino, Lisveth Flores del; Fernández, Lía Ramos

doi:10.1016/j.aej.2019.11.003

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Proper hydraulic modelling is a prerequisite for modelling of water quality [ 31 ]. For the present study, the hydraulic model developed in EPANET by García-Avila et al [ 7 ] was used. This hydraulic model was duly calibrated and validated for this same study place and applied as a tool to reduce leaks [ 7 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the present study, the hydraulic model developed in EPANET by García-Avila et al [ 7 ] was used. This hydraulic model was duly calibrated and validated for this same study place and applied as a tool to reduce leaks [ 7 ]. Furthermore, this hydraulic model had: (1) information on the distribution network to be modeled, in terms of diameters, pipe lengths and pipe materials; (2) demand patterns for each node in the system; and (3) an extension of hydraulic software to implement the equations of the chlorine decay model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water quality can deteriorate in the distribution system after the water leaves the treatment plant [ 7 ]. While the water flows through pipelines, the chlorine concentration decays because the chlorine reacts with organic and inorganic compounds present in the water and with the pipeline wall [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of residual chlorine in a drinking water network in times of pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

García-Ávila

Avilés-Añazco

Ordoñez-Jara

et al. 2021

Sustain Environ Res

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Due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease there is a need for public water supply of the highest quality. Adequate levels of chlorine allow immediate elimination of harmful bacteria and viruses and provide a protective residual throughout the drinking water distribution network (DWDN). Therefore, a residual chlorine decay model was developed to predict chlorine levels in a real drinking water distribution network. The model allowed determining human exposure to drinking water with a deficit of residual chlorine, considering that it is currently necessary for the population to have clean water to combat coronavirus Covid 19. The chlorine bulk decay rates (kb) and the reaction constant of chlorine with the pipe wall (kw) were experimentally determined. Average kb and kw values of 3.7 d− 1 and 0.066 m d− 1 were obtained, respectively. The values of kb and kw were used in EPANET to simulate the chlorine concentrations in a DWDN. The residual chlorine concentrations simulated by the properly calibrated and validated model were notably close to the actual concentrations measured at different points of the DWDN. The results showed that maintaining a chlorine concentration of 0.87 mg L− 1 in the distribution tank, the residual chlorine values in the nodes complied with the Ecuadorian standard (0.3 mg L− 1); meanwhile, about 45% of the nodes did not comply with what is recommended by the WHO as a mechanism to combat the current pandemic (0.5 mg L− 1). This study demonstrated that residual chlorine modeling is a valuable tool for monitoring water quality in the distribution network, allowing to control residual chlorine levels in this pandemic season.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of residual chlorine in a drinking water network in times of pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

García-Ávila

Avilés-Añazco

Ordoñez-Jara

et al. 2021

Sustain Environ Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are many causes of such leakages, including natural process of wear, corrosion of the inner and outer surface of pipes, mechanical damage of pipes caused by excessive loads, assembling errors, seasonal temperature changes, movements of a subsoil, and material defects of pipes. The failure of pipelines is usually attributed to the ageing infrastructure and/or severe environmental conditions [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leakage Management and Pipe System Efficiency. Its Influence in the Improvement of the Efficiency Indexes

Ávila

Sánchez-Romero

Jiménez

et al. 2021

Water

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Water is one of the most valuable resources for humans. Worldwide, leakage levels in water distribution systems oscillate between 10% and 55%. This causes the need for constant repairs, economic losses, and risk to the health of users due to possible pathogenic intrusion. There are different methods for estimating the level of leakage in a network, depending on parameters such as service pressure, orifice size, age and pipe material. Sixty-two water distribution networks were analyzed to determine the leakage method used, the calibration method, and the percentage of existing leaks. Different efficiency indicators were proposed and evaluated using this database. Several cases of installation of pumps working as turbines (PATs) in water distribution networks were analyzed in which the use of these recovery systems caused a pressure drop, reducing the level of leaks and recovering energy.

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“…The main reasons for pipeline leaks include the natural wear process of wear, corrosion phenomena on both the inner and outer pipe surface, damages due to excessive mechanical loads, assembling faults, thermal fatigue, and material defects [4]. The pipework failure is generally attributed to the ageing infrastructure and/or severe environmental conditions [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Machine Vision—Based Pipe Leakage Detection System for Automated Power Plant Maintenance

Bao

Fan

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Industrial pipework maintenance inspection can be automated through machine vision-based effusion monitoring. However, colorless effusions such as water can be difficult to detect in a complex industrial environment due to weak illumination and poor visibility of the background. This paper deploys the reflective characteristics of effusion and its lower temperature compared to the environment in order to develop an automatic inspection system for power plant pipeworks’ maintenance. Such a system is aimed at detecting the colorless fluid effusion based on dual source images and a contour features algorithm. In this respect, a visible light source unit highlights the reflective features of the effusion edge. Meanwhile, high-definition images of the potential effusion are acquired under both visible and infrared lights. A customized image processing procedure extracts the potential effusion features from the infrared image to retrieve the region of interest for segmentation purposes and transfer such information to the visible light image to determine the effusion contour. Finally, a decision-making support tool based on the image contour closure is enabled for classification purposes. The implementation of the proposed system is tested on a real industrial environment. Experimental results show a classification accuracy up to 99%, demonstrating excellent suitability in meeting industrial requirements.

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Pressure management for leakage reduction using pressure reducing valves. Case study in an Andean city

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Modeling of residual chlorine in a drinking water network in times of pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

Modeling of residual chlorine in a drinking water network in times of pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

Leakage Management and Pipe System Efficiency. Its Influence in the Improvement of the Efficiency Indexes

A Machine Vision—Based Pipe Leakage Detection System for Automated Power Plant Maintenance

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