Pressure characteristics of the human ileocecal region—A key to its function

Microscopic and Functional Anatomy of the Deal Papilla and Caecocolonic Valve in the Rat

“…dog [8] and man [9], the presence of a sphincter between the ileum and the large intestine could account for the absence of a caecal content backflow. In the rat, it appears that the sphincter is assisted in this action by the original presence of the caecal fold that can come over the ileal ostium when the content moves from the apex to the base of the caecum.…”

Motor Activity of the Distal Ileum and Ileocecal Sphincter and Its Relation to the Region’s Function

“…Tone has not, in contrast, been consis tently identified at the human ICS [25][26][27], Employing the pull-through technique, Co hen et al [25] outlined a 4 cm long zone exhibiting sustained tone between ileum and colon: mean pressure in this zone was 20.3 mm Hg. In contrast, prolonged recordings from a catheter assembly placed at the ileo colonic junction in normal adult volunteers [26] and repeated pull-throughs in patients with defunctioning loop ileostomies [27] have failed to identify consistent tone at the ileocolonic junction; occasional episodes of tone being observed only in association with bursts of phasic contractions [26].…”

“…In contrast, prolonged recordings from a catheter assembly placed at the ileo colonic junction in normal adult volunteers [26] and repeated pull-throughs in patients with defunctioning loop ileostomies [27] have failed to identify consistent tone at the ileocolonic junction; occasional episodes of tone being observed only in association with bursts of phasic contractions [26].…”

“…The effect of intraluminal distension on phasic activity in the ileocolonic junctional region has been examined in two recent stud ies [22,27], Both studies noted inhibition of phasic activity during ileal distension but found either no change [22] or an increase [27] in such contractions during distension of the proximal colon. Both ileal and colonic distension inhibit phase Ill-type complexes in canine ileocolonic loops and appear to induce high amplitude, rapidly propagated waves [61].…”

New concept of ileocecal junction: Intussusception of the terminal ileum into the cecum

“…Later studies described a thickened muscular eminence, and the concept of sphincter at IC junction was emerged. Manometric studies had shown characteristic of IC junction [3][4][5][6][7][8] . A fourcentimeter zone of elevated pressure was demonstrated at the junction [3] .…”