Preservation of small extracellular vesicles for functional analysis and therapeutic applications: a comparative evaluation of storage conditions

Wu, Jun-Yong; Li, Yong-Jiang; Hu, Xiong-Bin; Huang, Si; Xiang, Da‐Xiong

doi:10.1080/10717544.2020.1869866

Cited by 89 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar findings were reported in a recent study by Wu et al. which comprehensively evaluated the influence of storage temperatures (4 °C, −20 °C, and −80 °C) and durations on particle, contents, and behavior of bEnd.3 cells-derived sEVs (Wu et al., 2021 ). bEnd.3 cell was selected for sEVs production for their potential brain targeting effects to observing the impact of storage conditions on their biodistribution.…”

Section: Preservation Of Isolated Evssupporting

confidence: 88%

Preserving extracellular vesicles for biomedical applications: consideration of storage stability before and after isolation

Yuan

Wang³

2021

Drug Delivery

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles released by various cell types. EVs are known for cell-to-cell communications and have potent biological activities. Despite great progress in recent years for studies exploring the potentials of EVs for early disease detection, therapeutic application and drug delivery, determination of the favorable storage conditions of EVs has been challenging. The understanding of the impact of storage conditions on EVs before and after isolation is still limited. Storage may change the size, number, contents, functions, and behaviors of EVs. Here, we summarized current studies about the stability of EVs in different conditions, focusing on temperatures, durations, and freezing and thawing cycles. -80 C seems to remain the most favorable condition for storage of biofluids and isolated EVs, while isolated EVs may be stored at 4 C shortly. Lyophilization is promising for storage of EV products. Challenges remain in the understanding of storage-mediated change in EVs and in the development of advanced preservation techniques of EVs.

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Section: Preservation Of Isolated Evssupporting

confidence: 88%

Preserving extracellular vesicles for biomedical applications: consideration of storage stability before and after isolation

Yuan

Wang³

2021

Drug Delivery

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“…Key criteria in the development of EV-based therapeutics is the stability, preservation and storage of EV therapies ( Jeyaram and Jay, 2017 ; Kusuma et al, 2018 ). Recently, the effects of storage conditions on EVs for functional analysis and therapeutic use was investigated ( Wu et al, 2021 ), evaluating temporal EV stability/quantity across various storage temperatures and freeze-thawing cycles. Importantly, storage alters EV size distribution and impacts cellular uptake and biodistribution, with −20°C (short-term) and −80°C (long-term) storage recommended.…”

Section: Challenges To Further Development Of Ev Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Extracellular Vesicle Therapeutics: Challenges, Considerations, and Opportunities

Claridge

Lozano

Poh

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise as therapeutic modalities due to their endogenous characteristics, however, further bioengineering refinement is required to address clinical and commercial limitations. Clinical applications of EV-based therapeutics are being trialed in immunomodulation, tissue regeneration and recovery, and as delivery vectors for combination therapies. Native/biological EVs possess diverse endogenous properties that offer stability and facilitate crossing of biological barriers for delivery of molecular cargo to cells, acting as a form of intercellular communication to regulate function and phenotype. Moreover, EVs are important components of paracrine signaling in stem/progenitor cell-based therapies, are employed as standalone therapies, and can be used as a drug delivery system. Despite remarkable utility of native/biological EVs, they can be improved using bio/engineering approaches to further therapeutic potential. EVs can be engineered to harbor specific pharmaceutical content, enhance their stability, and modify surface epitopes for improved tropism and targeting to cells and tissues in vivo. Limitations currently challenging the full realization of their therapeutic utility include scalability and standardization of generation, molecular characterization for design and regulation, therapeutic potency assessment, and targeted delivery. The fields’ utilization of advanced technologies (imaging, quantitative analyses, multi-omics, labeling/live-cell reporters), and utility of biocompatible natural sources for producing EVs (plants, bacteria, milk) will play an important role in overcoming these limitations. Advancements in EV engineering methodologies and design will facilitate the development of EV-based therapeutics, revolutionizing the current pharmaceutical landscape.

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“…To assure stability, MSCEVs need a suitable environment for storage. Commonly collected pure MSCEVs are resuspended in PBS and stored at −80 • C [197,198]. Interestingly a study suggests that trehalose may enhance MSCEV stability.…”

Section: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Regenerative Potential and Challenges

Fuloria

Subramaniyan

Dahiya

et al. 2021

Biology

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Evidence suggests that stem cells exert regenerative potential via the release of extracellular vesicles. Mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles (MSCEVs) offer therapeutic benefits for various pathophysiological ailments by restoring tissues. Facts suggest that MSCEV action can be potentiated by modifying the mesenchymal stem cells culturing methodology and bioengineering EVs. Limited clinical trials of MSCEVs have questioned their superiority, culturing quality, production scale-up and isolation, and administration format. Translation of preclinically successful MSCEVs into a clinical platform requires paying attention to several critical matters, such as the production technique, quantification/characterization, pharmacokinetics/targeting/transfer to the target site, and the safety profile. Keeping these issues as a priority, the present review was designed to highlight the challenges in translating preclinical MSCEV research into clinical platforms and provide evidence for the regenerative potential of MSCEVs in various conditions of the liver, kidney, heart, nervous system, bone, muscle, cartilage, and other organs/tissues.

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Preservation of small extracellular vesicles for functional analysis and therapeutic applications: a comparative evaluation of storage conditions

Cited by 89 publications

References 23 publications

Preserving extracellular vesicles for biomedical applications: consideration of storage stability before and after isolation

Preserving extracellular vesicles for biomedical applications: consideration of storage stability before and after isolation

Development of Extracellular Vesicle Therapeutics: Challenges, Considerations, and Opportunities

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Regenerative Potential and Challenges

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