Presence of Proboscipedia and Caudal Gene Homologues in a Bivalve Mollusc

Carpintero, Pablo; Pazos, A.; Abad, María J. F.; Sánchez, José Manuel Otón; Pérez‐Parallé, M. Luz

doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2004.37.5.625

Cited by 8 publications

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References 8 publications

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“…In this study, however, we discovered Hox1, Hox2, Post1 and Post2 Hox cognates in the gastropod, L. stagnalis, and in the bivalve, P. yessoensis (Figs 1, 3). Degnan & Morse (1993) also showed Hox1 and Hox2 cognates in the gastropod, H. rufescens and Carpintero et al (2004) found a Hox2 cognate in the bivalve, Pecten maximus. In P. maximus, Canapa et al (2005) also found eleven Hox cognates including Hox1, Hox2, Post1 and Post2.…”

Section: Diversity Of Hox Genes In Molluscamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Hox genes in molluscs: a comparison among seven morphologically diverse classes

Iijima

Akiba

Sarashina

et al. 2006

Journal of Molluscan Studies

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Hox genes have pivotal roles in animal body plan formation. We identified Hox genes and inferred the organizations of the Hox gene hypothetical ancestral cluster by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) survey for the phylum Mollusca, so as to assess possible correlations with morphological diversity. All the extant classes, except for Monoplacophora, were examined, namely Solenogastres, Caudofoveata, Polyplacophora, Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, Scaphopoda, and Bivalvia. The result showed that the molluscs primarily possessed anterior, medial and posterior cognates of the Hox genes, ParaHox genes (Gsx, Xlox, and Cdx homologues), as well as non-Hox/ParaHox type homeobox genes (Gbx and Msx homologues). The last common ancestor of molluscs is inferred to have had twelve Hox genes: three anterior, seven medial and two posterior cognates. These results suggest that some of the anterior or posterior cognates have been lost in some lineages, most notably in Caudofoveata, while the medial cognates showed both losses and duplications. One of the medial cognates was found to be duplicated in all the classes examined except for Gastropoda, but not in other Metazoa, suggesting that this feature could be a synapomorphy of molluscs.

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Section: Diversity Of Hox Genes In Molluscamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Hox genes in molluscs: a comparison among seven morphologically diverse classes

Iijima

Akiba

Sarashina

et al. 2006

Journal of Molluscan Studies

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“…Lys, Cys, and Asp at positions 24, 27, and 39, respectively, have helped to determine to which group Mgox3 belongs. We were unable to identify a labial ortholog in M. galloprovincialis or the scallop P. maximus (Carpintero et al, 2004) although its presence has been reported in gastropods (Degnan and Morse, 1993;Hinman et al, 2002) and the cephalopod Euprymna scolopes (Callaerts et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2003).…”

Section: Anterior Group Genesmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Genomic DNA was extracted from the muscular mass of 10 adult mussels, according to Ausubel et al (1992). For the polymerase chain reaction, we used the previously described primer pair (Carpintero et al, 2004), which correspond to homeodomain consensus sequences: 5 -ATGCGGATCCAGACSYTGGARYTGGARAARGARTTYCWY-3 and 5 -ATGCAAGCTTCATSCKNCGRTTYTGRAACCARATYTTNAY-3 (TIB Molbiol, Germany). A sample of the DNA (200 ng) was amplified in 50 µL of total PCR mixture containing 1× PCR buffer, 2 mM MgCl 2 , 0.5 µM dNTPs (Roche Molecular Biochemicals), 1 µM of each primer, and 2 U Taq DNA Polymerase (Roche).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cycling conditions were as follows: One cycle at 95 • C (5 min); 30 cycles at 95 • C (1 min); 40 • C (1 min); 70 • C (30 s); and one cycle at 70 • C (10 min). PCR fragments were purified and reamplified as previously described (Carpintero et al, 2004). Reamplification products were cloned into the pGEM-T vector using the pGem-T Easy Vector System II (Promega, Wisc.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context the importance of Hox genes in the patterning of molluscs is of considerable interest. Although in recent years several developmental genes have been identified (Callaerts et al, 2002;Carpintero et al, 2004;Degnan and Morse, 1993;Hinman et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2001;Nederbragt et al, 2002a,b;Wray et al, 1995), very little is known about developmental mechanisms in molluscs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The HOX Gene Cluster in the Bivalve Mollusc Mytilus galloprovincialis

et al. 2005

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The clustered Hox genes play a central role in the regulation of development in bilaterian animals. In this study, we analyzed the homeobox-containing genes in a bivalve mollusc, the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, an unsegmented spiralian lophotrochozoan. We isolated and characterized four Hox cluster genes using the polymerase chain reaction with specific primers. Molecular alignments and phylogenetic analysis indicate that these mussel genes are homologs of the anterior group (pb ortholog), paralog group 3, and central group (PG4/Dfd and PG5/Scr) genes. The putative homeodomain sequences were designated Mgox1, Mgox2, Mgox3, and Mgox4.

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Hox and ParaHox genes: A review on molluscs

Biscotti

Canapa

Forconi

et al. 2014

Genesis

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Summary: Hox and ParaHox genes are involved in patterning the anterior-posterior body axis in metazoans during embryo development. Body plan evolution and diversification are affected by variations in the number and sequence of Hox and ParaHox genes, as well as by their expression patterns. For this reason Hox and ParaHox gene investigation in the phylum Mollusca is of great interest, as this is one of the most important taxa of protostomes, characterized by a high morphological diversity. The comparison of the works reviewed here indicates that species of molluscs, belonging to different classes, share a similar composition of Hox and ParaHox genes. Therefore evidence suggests that the wide morphological diversity of this taxon could be ascribed to differences in Hox gene interactions and expressions and changes in the Hox downstream genes rather than to Hox cluster composition. Moreover the data available on Hox and ParaHox genes in molluscs compared with those of other Lophotrochozoa shed light on the complex and controversial evolutionary histories that these genes have undergone within protostomes. genesis 52:935-945, 2014. V C 2014Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Key words: Hox genes; ParaHox genes; molluscs; ProtoHox cluster HOX AND PARAHOX GENES: EVOLUTIONARY HYPOTHESESBoth Hox and ParaHox genes belong to the ANTP homeobox gene class, which also includes the NK genes, the NK-related genes, the Dlx genes, and many more (Holland, 2013). It has been hypothesized that the ancestor genes of the current ANTP class were originally arranged in a single cluster called "Megacluster" (Garcıa-Fernandez, 2005a;Holland, 2013).The comparison of Hox and ParaHox gene number is interesting in order to reconstruct the evolutionary history of these gene families. In this regard the increase in sequenced genomes is providing significant data concerning the Hox and ParaHox gene complement in several organisms.Considering the early appearance of NK genes during evolution and their genomic proximity to the Hox genes in some species (Larroux et al., 2007), Holland (2013 proposed the ProtoHox cluster as originating from a ProtoNK cluster. Given the lack of Hox and ParaHox genes in basal metazoans, such as the demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica (Larroux et al., 2007) and the lobate ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi, it has been hypothesized (Ryan et al., 2010) that the ProtoHox gene/cluster could have arisen after the divergence of Porifera and Ctenophora from ParaHoxozoa (Placozoa, Cnidaria, and Bilateria). However, the phylogenetic relationships among basal metazoans are still

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Presence of Proboscipedia and Caudal Gene Homologues in a Bivalve Mollusc

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Evolution of Hox genes in molluscs: a comparison among seven morphologically diverse classes

Evolution of Hox genes in molluscs: a comparison among seven morphologically diverse classes

The HOX Gene Cluster in the Bivalve Mollusc Mytilus galloprovincialis

Hox and ParaHox genes: A review on molluscs

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