Presence of antibodies to Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in sheep in Tunisia, North Africa

Khbou, Médiha Khamassi; Romdhane, Rihab; Zaafouri, Faten Bouaicha; Bouajila, Mohsen; Sassi, Limam; Appelberg, Sofia; Schulz, Ansgar; Mirazimi, Alì; Groschup, Martin H.; Rekik, Mourad; Benzarti, M’hammed; Gharbi, Mohamed

doi:10.1002/vms3.597

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Seroprevalence of CCHFV infection has been reported in one-humped camels (89.7%) in Southern Tunisia ( 65 ). Recently, CCHFV infections have also been reported in cattle, sheep, goats, and ticks in different studies ( 66 , 67 ) ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever in the Arab world: A systematic review

Perveen

Khan

2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an important tick-borne viral infection with a fatality rate of up to 50% during outbreaks. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is sustained in the ecosystem in benign form through vertical and horizontal transmission cycles involving tick vectors, wildlife, and livestock. Hyalomma ticks are considered the major source of human infection. CCHF occurs most often among butchers, slaughterhouse workers, and farmworkers through infected tick bites or/and contact with blood and tissues of infected livestock. The nosocomial transmission can occur in auxiliary nurses and physicians through contact with the infected patients. The widespread distribution of CCHFV most probably occurred by ticks on migratory birds, or through international travel and trade of livestock and wildlife. During co-infections of ticks and vertebrates, reassortment among genome segments could play a significant role in generating diversity, and hence, a potential risk for the emergence of novel variants. In this systematic review, we aimed to determine the epidemiology, transmission, distribution, mortality, and clinical features of CCHF in 22 Arab countries, comprising the Arab world. Based on the analysis of 57 studies published from 1978 to 2021, we found 20 tick species that could be associated with CCHFV transmission. During the 43-year period, 321 cases of CCHF were reported from 9/22 Arab countries, Iraq, Kuwait, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Sudan, Egypt, Tunisia, and Mauritania. The mean case fatality rate was 29% during various outbreaks. Individuals working in abattoirs/slaughter houses, livestock farms, and healthcare were most at risk. Contact with blood or body secretions from infected animals and patients was the most common mode of transmission. A number of different animals, including cattle, goats, sheep, and camels were reported to be seropositive for CCHFV. The highest seroprevalence was observed in camels (29%), followed by cattle (21%), goats (15%), and sheep (14%). We discuss these results in the context of policy-making and potential preventative measures that can be implemented to reduce the burden of CCHF in the Arab world.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever in the Arab world: A systematic review

Perveen

Khan

2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…animal, mas tem importância significativa na saúde pública em virtude da gravidade da doença em humanos. Atualmente, a terapia é restrita ao tratamento sintomático, pois nenhuma vacina aprovada está disponível (WOAH, 2022c).KhamassiKhbou, et al (2021) investigaram a presença de anticorpos para CCHF em rebanhos de ovinos em regiões da Tunísia. Seus estudos demonstraram o primeiro relato no país do vírus CCHF em ovinos (03/270; 1,11%).…”

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Análise de doenças de notificação obrigatória em animais de produção no período de 2018 a 2022: uma revisão sistemática

Barros¹,

Prazeres²,

Sousa³

et al. 2023

RSD

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O objetivo desta revisão foi conhecer os estudos realizados nos últimos cinco anos sobre as doenças de notificação obrigatória a WOAH em animais terrestres de produção para identificar as principais doenças, espécie animal envolvida, os países de localização dos estudos e métodos diagnósticos empregados. Foi utilizada abordagem sistemática de estudos observacionais em artigos de acesso livre. Foram adotados critérios para inclusão, exclusão e pontuação dos artigos. A pesquisa em fontes de evidência retornou 1062 referências. Após remoção de duplicatas e exclusão em Fases I e II, foram analisados 37 artigos após leitura de textos completos para caracterização dos dados. Os resultados foram avaliados por espécie animal, país, tipos de doença (zoonótica/não-zoonótica) e agente (bactéria/vírus). Os achados demonstraram doenças como: PRRS (18/54; 33,33%), Doença de Aujeszky (04/54; 07,41%) e Bronquite infecciosa aviária (03/54; 05,56%) entre aquelas de caráter econômico; Febre do Vale do Rift (04/54; 07,41%), Brucelose (03/54; 5,56%) e Encefalite japonesa (02/54; 03,70) entre as zoonoses. A China (8/37; 21,62%) foi o país que apresentou maior destaque em diversidade de estudos. Esta revisão demonstrou um complexo de agentes patogênicos de doenças em aves, ruminantes e suínos em diferentes países, contribuindo para demonstração atualizada de dados de base científica como apoio a futuro estudos sobre o tema estudado.

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Presence of antibodies to Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in sheep in Tunisia, North Africa

Khbou

Romdhane

Zaafouri³

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an emerging tick-borne disease causing severe and fatal haemorrhagic syndrome in humans. Hyalomma spp. ticks are the primary vectors and sheep are important CCHF virus (CCHFV)-amplifying hosts. In this study, blood samples and ticks collected in October 2019 from 270 sheep from 15 farms across Tunisia constituted the main research material. Moreover, the sera of the same animals taken at different periods between 2018 and 2019 were also used to obtain comparative results. To investigate the presence of anti-CCHFV antibodies in sheep, all sera were tested using ELISA. Reactive sera were further characterised by a virus neutralisation test (VNT). Overall, one out of the 270 tested sheep was both ELISA-and strongly VNT-positive to CCHFV. Another two sheep were borderline ELISA-positive but did not exhibit neutralising antibodies. Ninety-one ticks were collected from all sampled sheep, of which 34 (37.4%) belonged to Hyalomma spp. This is the first report of anti-CCHFV antibodies in sheep from Tunisia. Both the results of this study and the recent CCHFV detection in ticks collected from camels in southernThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Presence of antibodies to Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in sheep in Tunisia, North Africa

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever in the Arab world: A systematic review

Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever in the Arab world: A systematic review

Análise de doenças de notificação obrigatória em animais de produção no período de 2018 a 2022: uma revisão sistemática

Presence of antibodies to Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in sheep in Tunisia, North Africa

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