Preparation of Screen-Printed Compatible Bismuth-Modified Sol-Gel Microspheres: Application to the Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Lead and Cadmium

Dimovasilis, Panagiotis A.; Prodromidis, Mamas I.

doi:10.1080/00032719.2015.1027896

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Compared with some published electrodes for Cd(II) detection [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], some properties are summarized in Table 2 . The Bi/Fe 3 O 4 /ILSPE has a relatively wide linear detection range and low detection limit.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen-Printed Electrode Modified by Bismuth /Fe3O4 Nanoparticle/Ionic Liquid Composite Using Internal Standard Normalization for Accurate Determination of Cd(II) in Soil

Wang

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2017

Sensors

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The quality and safety of agricultural products are threatened by heavy metal ions in soil, which can be absorbed by the crops, and then accumulated in the human body through the food chain. In this paper, we report a low-cost and easy-to-use screen-printed electrode (SPE) for cadmium ion (Cd(II)) detection based on differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), which decorated with ionic liquid (IL), magnetite nanoparticle (Fe3O4), and deposited a bismuth film (Bi). The characteristics of Bi/Fe3O4/ILSPE were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, and linear sweep voltammetry. We found that the sensitivity of SPE was improved dramatically after functionalized with Bi/Fe3O4/IL. Under optimized conditions, the concentrations of Cd(II) are linear with current responses in a range from 0.5 to 40 µg/L with the lowest detection limit of 0.05 µg/L (S/N = 3). Additionally, the internal standard normalization (ISN) was used to process the response signals of Bi/Fe3O4/ILSPE and established a new linear equation. For detecting three different Cd(II) concentrations, the root-mean-square error using ISN (0.25) is lower than linear method (0.36). Finally, the proposed electrode was applied to trace Cd(II) in soil samples with the recovery in the range from 91.77 to 107.83%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen-Printed Electrode Modified by Bismuth /Fe3O4 Nanoparticle/Ionic Liquid Composite Using Internal Standard Normalization for Accurate Determination of Cd(II) in Soil

Wang

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2017

Sensors

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“…The sol–gel process combined with functional materials as conducting polymers and nanomaterials to build electrochemical sensing devices has the potentials to enhance electrical conductivity, slow response time, and sensitivity . Various sensor electrode materials derived via the sol–gel process, including silver nanoparticles, Au–TiO 2 nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles, and bismuth‐modified sol–gel microspheres, have been explored for heavy metal detection with high sensitivity and wide linear range ( Table ).…”

Section: Synthesis Methods Of Novel Electrode Materials For Electrochmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Perspective on Design and Synthesis of Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Sensing of Heavy Metals

Hou

Zeinu

Gao

et al. 2018

Energy & Environ Materials

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The increase in release of toxic heavy metals into natural water attracts much attention due to its devastating effect on ecology and human health. The design and implementation of green electrode materials is pivotal for improving the electrochemical performance of in situ heavy metal monitoring. This work reviews various novel electrode materials and hybrid materials that improve electrochemical detection. Modified green and novel electrode materials offer better performance due to their improved deposition with wide linear and enhanced response under optimized sensing parameters. In particular, recent works related to gold, carbon materials, bismuth, and metal oxide‐based electrodes are reviewed. The environmentally friendly (“green”) characteristics, as well as their versatility and flexibility, are especially emphasized. In addition, synthesis methods and novel designs of electrode integration are highlighted. Most of the substantial achievements as well as breakthroughs in recent years are surveyed, and the challenges and prospective in this field are also identified.

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“…The nanocomposite was synthesized using pyrolysis of Bi-containing resorcinol/formaldehyde gels prepared by a sol–gel process [ 94 ]. Another publication has reported the preparation of Bi-modified sol–gel microspheres and blending with graphite ink to fabricate SPEs for Cd and Pb detection [ 95 ].…”

Section: Spes Modified With Bimentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen-Printed Electrodes Modified with “Green” Metals for Electrochemical Stripping Analysis of Toxic Elements

Economou

2018

Sensors

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This work reviews the field of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) modified with “green” metals for electrochemical stripping analysis of toxic elements. Electrochemical stripping analysis has been established as a useful trace analysis technique offering many advantages compared to competing optical techniques. Although mercury has been the preferred electrode material for stripping analysis, the toxicity of mercury and the associated legal requirements in its use and disposal have prompted research towards the development of “green” metals as alternative electrode materials. When combined with the screen-printing technology, such environment-friendly metals can lead to disposable sensors for trace metal analysis with excellent operational characteristics. This review focuses on SPEs modified with Au, Bi, Sb, and Sn for stripping analysis of toxic elements. Different modification approaches (electroplating, bulk modification, use of metal precursors, microengineering techniques) are considered and representative applications are described. A developing related field, namely biosensing based on stripping analysis of metallic nanoprobe labels, is also briefly mentioned.

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Preparation of Screen-Printed Compatible Bismuth-Modified Sol-Gel Microspheres: Application to the Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Lead and Cadmium

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Screen-Printed Electrode Modified by Bismuth /Fe3O4 Nanoparticle/Ionic Liquid Composite Using Internal Standard Normalization for Accurate Determination of Cd(II) in Soil

Screen-Printed Electrode Modified by Bismuth /Fe3O4 Nanoparticle/Ionic Liquid Composite Using Internal Standard Normalization for Accurate Determination of Cd(II) in Soil

Recent Advances and Perspective on Design and Synthesis of Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Sensing of Heavy Metals

Screen-Printed Electrodes Modified with “Green” Metals for Electrochemical Stripping Analysis of Toxic Elements

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