Preparation of lithium carbonate from spodumene by a sodium carbonate autoclave process

Chen, Ya; Tian, Qinghua; Chen, Baizhen; Shi, Xichang; Liao, Ting

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.05.006

Cited by 136 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The TG analysis of the ore sample showed that an obvious endothermic peak (Figure 13a) occurred at 1038.2 • C due to a phase transformation from α-spodumene into the β phase [9]. The phase transformation occurred at 849.4 and 848.4 • C, in residues at 15 min (Figure 13b) and 180 min (Figure 13c), respectively, which could be attributed to the partially-destroyed crystal structure, resulting in a much easier phase transformation at about 800 • C. The endothermic peaks at 521.4 • C of the ore sample, and 516.8 • C of the residues, at 15 min, belonged to the phase transform of albite.…”

Section: Tg-dsc Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various processes, including traditional acid or alkaline digestion, or the recently-proposed roasting using sodium or calcium salts via ion exchange, have been reported to successfully extract lithium from spodumene [9][10][11][12][13]. These extraction processes are generally divided into two modules Hydrofluoric acid, which is capable of dissolving many materials, is specially used for etching SiO2 or silicon compounds in the microelectronic industry [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Enhanced Leaching of Lithium from α-Spodumene Using Hydrofluoric and Sulfuric Acid

et al. 2017

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An effective method using hydrofluoric and sulfuric acid was proposed to enhance the leaching of lithium from α-spodumene, without calcination that is subjected to 1000 • C for phase transformation. The thermodynamic feasibility of the reactions was firstly verified. Dissolution conditions were tested to maximize the leaching efficiency of lithium and with efficient utilization of hydrofluoric acid (HF) served as evaluation criteria. The results showed that 96% of lithium could be transferred into lixivium with an ore/HF/H 2 SO 4 ratio of 1:3:2 (g/mL/mL), at 100 • C for 3 h. Due to the fact that HF molecules were the main reaction form, the dissolution behaviors were theoretically represented and investigated by dissolution in HF/H 2 SO 4 . When combined with chemical elements analyses and characterizations, the results of the dissolution behaviors revealed that α-spodumene and albite were preferentially dissolved over quartz. Insoluble fluoroaluminates, such as

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Section: Tg-dsc Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Enhanced Leaching of Lithium from α-Spodumene Using Hydrofluoric and Sulfuric Acid

et al. 2017

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“…Conditions: t = 0.5 h; 60 g H 2 SO 4 /100 g solids; particle size of solids: <250 μm. An alternative process is the pressure leaching in autoclave, under sodium carbonate medium, where lithium carbonate is formed (Nogueira, 1991;Chen et al, 2011). The leaching is conducted at temperature ranges of 190-235ºC.…”

Section: Digestion and Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigations during the technology development of sulfuric acid processing of spodumene concentrate

Kol’tsov¹,

Novikov²,

Sarychev³

et al. 2016

tsm

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Abstract:With the expected increase of lithium demand in the forthcoming years, an efficient management of all the available resources is necessary. Rock minerals like pegmatites are important primary sources of lithium that shall be valorized. Minero-metallurgical processes have been developed for lithium recovery from pegmatitic ore deposits, involving physical concentration, thermal treatment, digestion and/or leaching in order to obtain a lithium soluble species adequate to produce lithium carbonate by precipitation. Physical concentration by froth flotation or by optical sorting are the two main alternative operations to produce a Li concentrate. Metallurgical treatment starts by calcination where the silicate structure is transformed to a more reactive solid phase (β-spodumene). Afterwards digestion with sulfuric acid and water leaching allows the dissolution of lithium sulfate. Carbonate pressure leaching is an alternative technology for treating pegmatites and production of lithium carbonate. Energy and chemicals savings is crucial in order to reduce the high costs associated with metallurgical processing of Li rock minerals.Keywords: Lithium, Minero-metallurgical processes, Pegmatite ores. Resumo:Com o aumento na procura de lítio nos próximos anos, torna-se necessária uma gestão eficiente de todos os recursos disponíveis. Os minérios pegmatíticos são fontes primárias importantes deste metal que devem ser valorizadas. Neste contexto, têm sido desenvolvidos processos minero-metalúrgicos para a recuperação de lítio, que envolvem a concentração física, o tratamento térmico, a digestão e/ou lixiviação, de forma a obter o lítio em formas solúveis que permitam a posterior produção de carbonato de lítio por precipitação. Na concentração física, as duas principais operações para produzir um concentrado de Li são a flutuação por espumas ou a triagem por processos ópticos. O tratamento metalúrgico começa por uma etapa de calcinação, onde a estrutura original do silicato é transformada numa fase sólida mais reactiva (β-espodumena). Em seguida, a digestão com ácido sulfúrico e lixiviação com água permite a dissolução do sulfato de lítio. A lixiviação sob pressão usando carbonatos é uma tecnologia alternativa para o tratamento de pegmatitos e produção de carbonato de lítio. A gestão eficiente da energia e do consumo de produtos químicos é crucial para reduzir os elevados custos associados ao processamento metalúrgico de minerais de lítio. Palavras-chave: Lítio, Processos minero-metalúrgicos, Minérios pegmatíticos.

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“…O processamento de um mineral KLiFeAl(AlSi 3 ) O 10 (F,OH) 2 (zinnwaldite) para a retirada de lítio foi apresentado [6]. O processo consiste no aquecimento do material com CaCO 3 , seguido por lixiviação com H 2 O e como um dos métodos de precipitação do carbonato de lítio foi utilizando borbulhamento de CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O processo consiste no aquecimento do material com CaCO 3 , seguido por lixiviação com H 2 O e como um dos métodos de precipitação do carbonato de lítio foi utilizando borbulhamento de CO 2 . Um processo descrito também utiliza CO 2 para recolher o carbonato de lítio extraído de amostras de β-espodumênio [2]. Neste trabalho, no processo de extração foi utilizado NaCO 3 e o procedimento realizado em autoclaves.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Extração de lítio de amostras de β-espodumênio

Bieseki¹,

Melo

Sobrinho

et al. 2013

Cerâmica

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ResumoUm estudo do processo de extração de lítio de β-espodumênio foi realizado visando a obtenção do lítio e geração de um subproduto zeolítico. A retirada de lítio foi avaliada por meio de medidas de absorção atômica do sobrenadante. As análises de difração de raios X do resíduo gerado e de precipitados indicaram o principio de formação da zeólita A, quando NaOH é utilizado no procedimento de síntese. A adição de aluminato de sódio não é favorável ao processo de extração, pois proporciona a formação compostos mais estáveis com o lítio. Palavras-chave: extração de lítio, β-espodumênio, zeólita. AbstractA study of the extraction process of lithium from β-spodumene was conducted to obtain lithium and the generation of a zeolite as byproduct. The removal of lithium was measured using atomic absorption measurements of the supernatant. X-ray diffraction analysis of residues and precipitates shows the formation of zeolite A, when NaOH is used in the synthesis procedure. The addition of sodium aluminate is not favorable to the extraction process because it yields more stable compounds with lithium.

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Preparation of lithium carbonate from spodumene by a sodium carbonate autoclave process

Cited by 136 publications

References 7 publications

Investigation of Enhanced Leaching of Lithium from α-Spodumene Using Hydrofluoric and Sulfuric Acid

Investigation of Enhanced Leaching of Lithium from α-Spodumene Using Hydrofluoric and Sulfuric Acid

Experimental investigations during the technology development of sulfuric acid processing of spodumene concentrate

Extração de lítio de amostras de β-espodumênio

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