Preparation of Chitosan-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Blended Membranes: Characterization And Performance in The Separation of Sodium and Magnesium Ions

Murthy, Z.V.P.; Gaikwad, Mahendra S.

doi:10.1080/15567265.2013.787571

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The crystallinity of CS has a significant impact on mechanical and filtration performances of membranes [23] . Hence, the effect of concentration on the crystallinity of CS and the mechanism of the influence of crystallinity on the final properties of membranes were explored, which would be a critical reference for improving the performance of membranes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decorating a Loose Defect‐free Hybrid Selective Layer on a Smooth Intermediary: An Effective Way for Unexpected Performances of Nanofiber‐based Forward Osmosis Membranes

Han

et al. 2020

ChemNanoMat

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A novel composite forward osmosis (FO) membrane was fabricated by introducing a chitosan (CS) sublayer between nanofibers and polyamide (PA) layer, which was beneficial to forming thin and defect‐free PA layer and improved binding strength between substrate and the selective layer. Results exhibited low reverse salt flux (0.73 gMH) while maintained high water flux (85.4 LMH), which were better than that in other reports. In order to further improve permeability of membranes, oxidized multiwall carbon nanotubes (OMWNTs) were added into PA layer based on the optimized sublayer. The crosslinking degree of PA layer was reduced, leading to loose PA layers, which promoted the increase of water flux. After modifying, water flux reached 96.9 LMH without sacrificing salt rejection. It was worth mentioning that PAN/CS composite FO membrane, which could adjust microstructure of support layer and selective layer respectively, may provide a promising way for preparing membranes with anticipated separation performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When CS concentrations reached a certain level, the attenuation of peak was decided by water quantity. When the concentration of CS was relatively large, solvent was easier to volatilize, and the fluidity of CS chain segments decreased, which limited the migration of CS chain segments to the nucleus, thus crystallinity of films decreased [23] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decorating a Loose Defect‐free Hybrid Selective Layer on a Smooth Intermediary: An Effective Way for Unexpected Performances of Nanofiber‐based Forward Osmosis Membranes

Han

et al. 2020

ChemNanoMat

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“…The increase in k s represents an electrocatalytic characteristic during CLZ oxidation by the chitosan–CNT‐modified microelectrode, which can result in a shift of the CLZ anodic peak to lower potentials and may converge with the byproduct anodic peak into the single anodic peak observed at 0.2 V vs Ag/AgCl. The electrocatalytic mechanism may be due to the hydrophilic property of the chitosan–CNT film that increases the electrochemical interaction with the hydrophobic CLZ (log P = 3.23) . Moreover, the observed peak potential was lower than that in our previous study with macroscale electrodes (0.38 V vs Ag/AgCl).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Chitosan–Carbon Nanotube‐Modified Microelectrode for In Situ Detection of Blood Levels of the Antipsychotic Clozapine in a Finger‐Pricked Sample Volume

Shukla

Ben‐Yoav

2019

Adv Healthcare Materials

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addition, CLZ is the only antipsychotic drug currently approved for treatmentresistant schizophrenia. The FDA has recently permitted greater flexibility in deciding whether to continue or rechallenge CLZ in patients. [2] However, CLZ, although a common evidence-based treatment in the field of mental health, is underutilized. The monitoring of CLZ is burdensome and involves frequent invasive blood draws and its treatment efficacy is suboptimal due to the difficulty in titrating its dose, since over dosage results in toxicity as well as possible side effects such as weight gain, blurred vision, confusion, fever, sweating, and dizziness. [3][4][5] Since CLZ is the only antipsychotic with a defined efficacious clinical range, [6,7] analyzing CLZ blood levels in patients easily and accurately provides important information about the clinical range. For example, CLZ serum levels that are higher than 600 ng mL −1 (1.84 µmol L −1 ) have been associated with severe side effects, toxicity, seizure, and myocarditis. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, psychiatrists estimate that CLZ blood levels should be higher than a 350 ng mL −1 (1.07 µmol L −1 ) threshold level to achieve effective treatment. [15,16] Therefore, clinicians have been advocating therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for CLZ therapy [9,17] that can be rapidly done at the point-of-care (PoC), such as at the physician's office or at home. Along the lines of the medical treatment revolution that the glucose finger-prick blood test provided for diabetes patients, in situ analysis of CLZ blood levels in microliter samples would enable rapid CLZ detection in finger-pricked blood of schizophrenia patients. Such a blood test would provide rapid assessment of CLZ treatment efficacy, which would better manage schizophrenia treatment and care.Current analytical methods for TDM of CLZ blood levels have limited capabilities to rapidly measure CLZ levels in microliter samples. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Liquid chromatography, followed by tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), [23] is the gold standard and is available in commercial laboratories. A variation of the method used for venous blood has been adapted to low-volume capillary blood using dried blood spot testing. [24,25] Briefly, the sample is dehydrated on filter paper, transferred to an analytical laboratory, and rehydrated for further analysis using an LC-MS/MS. Although the LC-MS/MS method provides The antipsychotic clozapine is the most effective medication available for schizophrenia and it is the only antipsychotic with a known efficacious clinical range. However, it is dramatically underutilized due to the inability to test clozapine blood levels in finger-pricked patients' samples. This prevents obtaining immediate blood levels information, resulting in suboptimal treatment. The development of an electrochemical microsensor is presented, which enables, for the first time, clozapine detection in microliters volume whole blood. The sensor is based on a microelectrode modified with micrometer-thick biop...

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“…Shen et al [23] prepared thin-film nanocomposite membranes by incorporating poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) grafted MWNTs into the active layers; at the optimum conditions, the water flux enhanced about 62%. Murthy and Gaikwad [36] blended MWCNTs with chitosan (CS); and both the water flux and rejection capability of CS-MWCNTs were improved. Vatanpour et al [38] prepared asymmetric aminefunctionalized MWCNT/polyethersulfone PES NF membranes by the phase inversion method; both the hydrophilicity and water flux of NF membranes were increased via embedding NH 2 -MWCNTs into the PES matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Many kinds of nanomaterials (nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanofibers and nanosheets) have been introduced into the active layer in membrane preparation [34][35][36]. As 2D materials with high specific surface areas, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have shown to be capable of improving water permeability of NF membranes [37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel type of polyelectrolyte complex/MWCNT hybrid nanofiltration membranes for water softening

Zhao

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

102

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Preparation of Chitosan-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Blended Membranes: Characterization And Performance in The Separation of Sodium and Magnesium Ions

Cited by 30 publications

References 65 publications

Decorating a Loose Defect‐free Hybrid Selective Layer on a Smooth Intermediary: An Effective Way for Unexpected Performances of Nanofiber‐based Forward Osmosis Membranes

Decorating a Loose Defect‐free Hybrid Selective Layer on a Smooth Intermediary: An Effective Way for Unexpected Performances of Nanofiber‐based Forward Osmosis Membranes

A Chitosan–Carbon Nanotube‐Modified Microelectrode for In Situ Detection of Blood Levels of the Antipsychotic Clozapine in a Finger‐Pricked Sample Volume

A novel type of polyelectrolyte complex/MWCNT hybrid nanofiltration membranes for water softening

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