Preparation and properties of self-reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites based on oriented tapes

Mai, Fang; Tu, Wei; Bilotti, Emiliano; Peijs, Ton

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.05.030

Cited by 50 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In all tapes, α-form crystals were observed. Such highly oriented PLLA tapes of high tensile strength, modulus, and toughness, are of interest for composite applications and can when combined with isotropic PLLA films lead to the creation of biobased, fully recyclable, self-reinforced PLLA composites [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Solid-State Drawing on Mechanical Properties and Hydrolytic Degradation of Melt-Spun Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Tapes

Mai

Bilotti

et al. 2015

Fibers

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Abstract:The influence of solid-state drawing on the morphology of melt-spun poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) tapes, and the accompanying changes in mechanical and degradation behaviour have been studied. Mechanical properties are found to be strongly dependent on both applied draw ratio and drawing temperature. Moduli of these highly oriented tapes are significantly increased compared to as-extruded tapes at both ambient and elevated temperatures. Interestingly, drawing leads to a significant increase in elongation to break (~3 times) and toughness (~13 times) compared to as-extruded tapes. Structural and morphological characterization indicates strain-induced crystallization as well as an increase in orientation of the crystalline phase at small strains. Upon further stretching, an "overdrawing" regime is observed, with decreased crystalline orientation due to the breakage of existing crystals. For fixed draw ratios, a significant increase in Young's modulus and tensile strength is observed with increasing drawing temperature, due to a higher crystallinity and orientation obtained for tapes drawn at higher temperatures. FT-IR results indicate no crystal transformation after drawing, with the α-form being observed in all tapes. Hydrolytic degradability of PLLA was significantly reduced by solid-state drawing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Solid-State Drawing on Mechanical Properties and Hydrolytic Degradation of Melt-Spun Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Tapes

Mai

Bilotti

et al. 2015

Fibers

Self Cite

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“…Self-reinforcement is a promising way to enhance mechanical, thermal, and other properties of thermoplastic polymers as well as provides several additional benefits, including ease of recycling, low density, good compatibility between reinforcement and matrix phases and it is potential to improve the impact resistance and toughness of a brittle polymer like PLA [8][9][10]. The concept of 'self-reinforced (SR) polymer', 'all-polymer', or 'single polymer' composites was initiated in the 1970's for polyethylene (PE) and has later been successfully extended to a range of other polymers, including PLA, PET, polypropylene (PP), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), liquid crystalline polymer (LCP), and cellulose [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reinforced poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites with integrated bacterial cellulose and its surface modification

Somord

Suwantong

et al. 2018

Nanocomposites

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Bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers, with and without silane surface modification, were incorporated into self-reinforced poly(lactic acid) (SR-PLA) nanocomposites at 1 and 10 wt%. Disintegrated BC was combined with electrospun PLA fiber mats by film stacking and compression molding at 165 C for 40 sec to obtain SR-PLA/BC hybrid films. The effect of nanocellulose addition and its surface modification on the structure, morphology, and properties of the resulting composites were investigated. It was found that BC was a highly effective reinforcement for SR-PLA nanocomposites, providing a noticeable increase in the film's strength and modulus. Moreover, surface modification of BC was shown to further enhance the film performances due to an improved PLA/BC interfacial interaction. At an optimum BC content, these hybrid films also exhibited outstanding ductility and toughness. Water vapor barrier properties were also enhanced, especially when modified BC was integrated in the SR-PLA films.

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“…Also, a reinforcing role can be played by endogenous reinforcing elements, that is, the fraction of PLA having a configuration that confers enhanced thermal resistance to the material. Mai et al . described how the orientation of PLA chains during the extrusion of PLA fibers could be exploited for the fabrication of self‐reinforced PLA thermoformable sheets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal behavior of extruded and injection‐molded poly(lactic acid)–talc engineered biocomposites: Effects of material design, thermal history, and shear stresses during melt processing

Barletta

Pizzi

Puopolo

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Reinforced biocomposites were compounded by the reactive extrusion of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and chemically modified microlamellar talcs. Talc was functionalized by the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of its surface hydroxyl groups with different kinds of organosilanes, namely, 3‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane and (3‐glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, and commercially available tri‐isocyanates, namely, Bayhydur 3100 and Desmodur 3900, which feature hydrophilic and hydrophobic behaviors, respectively. PLA–talc biocomposites were also compounded by the addition of two types of reactive biodegradable compatibilizing agents, namely, maleic anhydride and glycidyl methacrylate modified PLA. The resulting compounds were melt‐processed by injection molding to get flat substrates with different formulations. The thermal responses of the extruded compounds and injection‐molded items, specifically the first and second thermal transitions, were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry. In particular, the influence of the different material formulations, their thermal history, and/or shear stress in single‐ or multiple‐stage heating and/or melt processing on the glass transition, crystallinity, and melting behavior of the biocomposites was investigated. The experimental findings revealed that the macroscopic thermal response of the compounds (i.e., extruded pellets) and substrates (i.e., injection‐molded flat slabs) manufactured by the melt processing of the available formulations was controlled and significantly improved by the fine‐tuning of the chemical (i.e., reaction mechanisms, chemical bonds) and physical interactions (i.e., steric hindrances, physical bonds) among the modified talc, PLA, and compatibilizing agents. These results are of great practical importance and open up broader scenarios for the industrial application of biopolymers and biocomposites, specifically in all of those consumer goods where thermal stability and the preservation of mechanical performance at moderate and high temperatures of the materials are pivotal. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45179.

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Preparation and properties of self-reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites based on oriented tapes

Cited by 50 publications

References 31 publications

The Influence of Solid-State Drawing on Mechanical Properties and Hydrolytic Degradation of Melt-Spun Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Tapes

The Influence of Solid-State Drawing on Mechanical Properties and Hydrolytic Degradation of Melt-Spun Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Tapes

Self-reinforced poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites with integrated bacterial cellulose and its surface modification

Thermal behavior of extruded and injection‐molded poly(lactic acid)–talc engineered biocomposites: Effects of material design, thermal history, and shear stresses during melt processing

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