Preparation and characterization of electrostrictive polyurethane films with conductive polymer electrodes

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“…We first examined the chemical polymerization according to the procedure reported by Su et al12 We used a polyurethane sheet as an elastic substrate onto which a polypyrrole thin film was to be deposited. The sheet was immersed for 40 min in an aqueous solution where pyrrole was polymerizing.…”

“…Chemical synthesis of polypyrrole was also examined to compare with the electrochemical method. We used the following procedure according to a literature article by Su et al12 Anthraquinone‐2‐sulfonic acid, sodium salt monohydrate (0.98 g, Tokyo Chemical Industry), 5‐sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate (5.34 g, Wako Pure Chemical Industries), and iron (III) chloride, hexahydrate (3.5 g, Wako Pure Chemical Industries) were dissolved in 100 g of distilled water (Solution‐A). Pyrrole (1.46 g, Wako Pure Chemical Industries) was dissolved in another 100 g of distilled water (Solution‐B).…”

All-polymer electromechanical systems consisting of electrostrictive poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) and conductive polyaniline

“…To probe the properties further, it is necessary to carry out a study over a broad temperature and frequency range. For example, in our early study of conductive polypyrrole electrode–polyurethane system, it was found that at temperatures above 40°C there is a large increase in the measured dielectric loss from the system due to the dehydration phenomena in the conductive polypyrrole 12. Thus, the dielectric properties of the polymer systems are characterized in a broad temperature and frequency range.…”

Pushing the Limits of Flexibility and Stretchability of Solar Cells: A Review

“…Semiconducting polymers, in their doped state, such as polyaniline (PANI), [ 204 ] and polypyrrole [ 205,206 ] can also be combined with elastomers to produce composites for a variety of applications. PEDOT:PSS represents a solution‐processable alternative to ITO and for stretchable TCE.…”