Preparation and application of simetryn‐imprinted nanoparticles in triazine herbicide residue analysis

Abstract

This work provides a simple and rapid method for synthesis uniform simetryn imprinted nanoparticles, which can be used to pretreat the tested samples before detecting. A series of computational approach were employed for design simetryn‐imprinted polymer. Based on the conclusion of theoretical calculation, the simetryn imprinted nanoparticles were synthesized using simetryn as template, methacrylic acid as monomer with different solvent volume and synthesis conditions. The obtained nanoparticles have small size, uniform distribution and high imprinted factor. Scatchard analysis and quantum chemical calculations were applied for evaluating the interaction of simetryn with methacrylic acid in the imprinting process. The selectivity and recognition ability of the simetryn imprinted nanoparticles for six triazine herbicides and two other type herbicides were investigated. The results show that the simetryn imprinted nanoparticles had high selectivity and binding capacity and could be used for the separation and enrichment of four triazine pesticide residues from actual samples. A method of molecularly imprinted matrix solid phase extraction ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was established for detecting four kinds of triazine herbicide residues in tobacco. The recovery rate of terbuthylazine, simetryn, atrazine, and prometryn in tobacco was 84.03–119.05%, and the relative standard deviation was 0.35–10.12%.

Fabrication and application of a MIL-68(In)–NH2 incorporated high internal phase emulsion polymeric monolith as a solid phase extraction adsorbent in triazine herbicide residue analysis

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Among various sample preparation, solid phase extraction (SPE) is the most widely used extraction technique for extracting triazine herbicides from water samples because of its advantages of high recovery, high enrichment factor, low solvent consumption, and short extraction time. [2][3][4][5][6] As a result, various SPE adsorbents, including oxidized single-walled carbon nanohorns, 2 triazine rings-containing porous aromatic frameworks, 3 poly(high internal phase emulsions) (polyHIPEs), 5,6 molecular imprinted polymers, 4,11,12 carbazole-based porous organic polymers, 13 hydrazone-based covalent triazine polymers, 14 and metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) [15][16][17][18] have been fabricated and applied in the SPE of triazine herbicides in environmental samples. Among these SPE adsorbents, MOFs were possessed of high adsorption and separation performance, owing to their remarkable merits like large surface area, adjustable pore size, diverse structures, as well as great chemical and thermal stability.…”

“…[28][29][30] In addition, HPLC method is a rapid, sensitive and reproducible way to determine trace analytes in complex samples, [31][32][33][34] and thus has been used to analyse triazine herbicides. 3,5,6,12,18 To the best of our knowledge, however, MOFs-polyHIPEs as SPE adsorbents have not been reported in the separation and analysis of triazine herbicides by combining with HPLC method.…”

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Micro- and Nano-Particles: A Review

“…Molecularly imprinted nanoparticles, MIP nanoparticles (NPs), or nanoMIPs, with molecular cavities featuring selective recognizing sites, have widely used for the extraction and preconcentration of both small- and macromolecules from complex samples [ 63 , 64 , 65 ]. The precipitation polymerization method is one of the most popular ways to obtain uniform imprinted polymeric nanoparticles to retain small molecules, such as triazine herbicides [ 66 , 67 ]. For instance, symetrin-imprinted nanoparticles have been synthesized with this method using MAA and EGDMA as functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively, in the presence of the template (symetrin) [ 67 ].…”

“…The precipitation polymerization method is one of the most popular ways to obtain uniform imprinted polymeric nanoparticles to retain small molecules, such as triazine herbicides [ 66 , 67 ]. For instance, symetrin-imprinted nanoparticles have been synthesized with this method using MAA and EGDMA as functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively, in the presence of the template (symetrin) [ 67 ]. The functional monomer was selected based on the results of the electrostatic potential distribution simulation during the formation of simetryn-monomer complex.…”

Microwave absorption medium‐assisted extraction coupled with reversed‐phase dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of triazine herbicides in corn and soybean samples

“…Triazines are widely used for soybean, maize, sorghum, and grapes because of their high power for weed control [1]. However, the prolonged use and overuse of triazines have caused great concern because they are of high toxicity and persistent in water, soil, and crops.…”