Premalignant and Malignant Prostate Lesions: Pathologic Review

Dickinson, Shohreh

doi:10.1177/107327481001700402

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…It accounts for less than 0.5% to 2% of all malignant PCa [2]. As with adenocarcinoma, this pathology can arise from the peripheral zone of the prostate and can occur without urinary symptoms [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the second leading cause of death among men in the world. Albeit most carcinomas of the prostate are adenocarcinomas, various subtypes of PCa are defined [2]. They have specific clinicopathologic features, clinical relevance and prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have specific clinicopathologic features, clinical relevance and prognosis. These subtypes are squamous cell, sarcomatoid, urothelial, basal cell, adenoid cystic and small cell carcinoma [2]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP) accounts for less than 0.5% to 2% of all malignant PCa and has different clinicopathologic features [2]. SCCP usually accompanies adenocarcinoma of the prostate with a rate of approximately 50% [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small cell carcinoma of the prostate presenting with skin metastasis: a case report

et al. 2014

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IntroductionSmall cell carcinoma of the prostate is a very rare and aggressive type of prostatic cancer. Most cases are diagnosed at advanced stage due to early metastasis. The bones, liver, regional and distant lymph nodes are the most common sites of metastasis of small cell carcinoma of the prostate. Skin metastasis of small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a very rare entity due to the uncommon metastatic site. Here, we describe the case of a patient with small cell carcinoma of the prostate which metastasized to his skin.Case presentationA 74-year-old Caucasian man presented to another urology center for mild lower urinary tract symptoms in 2003. His prostate-specific antigen was 23ng/mL. According to the physical examination signs and prostate-specific antigen, he underwent a transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. The pathologic examination of his prostate revealed a Gleason score: 3+4=7 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Investigations showed stage T2N0M0 disease and he was treated with radiotherapy to his pelvic lymph nodes and prostate. Six years after the initial diagnosis, he complained of a palpable left-side 2×2cm subcutaneous solitary mass localized just behind his scapula. The results of his laboratory tests including serum acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen were in normal ranges. Our general surgery department performed a diagnostic biopsy of the mass and totally excised the lesion. The pathologic examination of the mass showed small cell carcinoma metastasis with chromogranin + and the pathologist advised us to examine the lung or prostate for the primary tumor. The patient undertook a transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy and the pathologic result revealed small cell carcinoma within residual adenocarcinoma. We investigated the other sites for metastasis and restaging investigations showed a 1cm metastatic lesion in his liver. Our medical oncology department decided to treat him with combination chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin in six cycles; however, he died due to disseminated myocardial infarction before starting the fifth combination chemotherapy cycle.ConclusionsClinicians should keep in mind that early diagnosis of this disease is very difficult due to early metastatic spread of small cell carcinoma and lack of concordant elevation of prostate-specific antigen. There is no accepted standard treatment modality for this pathology and overall prognosis is poor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small cell carcinoma of the prostate presenting with skin metastasis: a case report

et al. 2014

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“…High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia is a premalignant condition characterized by the presence of aberrant cells, which are detected by histopathologic examination of a biopsy specimen 5 . Approximately 115,000 cases of hgpin are diagnosed each year in North America 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Perception and Psychological Morbidity in Men at Elevated Risk for Prostate Cancer

et al. 2015

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Objective As prostate-specific antigen (psa) makes prostate cancer (pca) screening more accessible, more men are being identified with conditions that indicate high risk for developing pca, such as elevated psa and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (hgpin). In the present study, we assessed psychological well-being and risk perception in individuals with those high-risk conditions.Methods A questionnaire consisting of a psychological symptom survey, a trait risk-aversion survey, and a cancerspecific risk perception survey was administered to 168 patients with early-stage localized pca and 69 patients at high risk for pca (n = 16 hgpin, n = 53 psa > 4 ng/mL). Analysis of variance was used to examine differences in psychological well-being and appraisal of risk between the groups. ResultsCompared with the pca group, the high-risk group perceived their risk of dying from something other than pca to be significantly lower (p = 0.007). However, pca patients reported significantly more clinically important psychological symptoms. ConclusionsThe identification of prostate conditions that predict progression to cancer might not result in the psychological symptoms commonly experienced by pca patients, but does appear to be related to a distorted perception of the disease's mortal risk. Patients with pca experience reduced psychological well-being, but better understand the risks of pca recurrence and death. Education on the risks and outcomes of pca can help at-risk men to view health assessments with reduced worry.

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Negative predictive value for cancer in patients with “Gray‐Zone” PSA level and prior negative biopsy: Preliminary results with multiparametric 3.0 tesla MR

Girometti

Bazzocchi

Como

et al. 2012

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Premalignant and Malignant Prostate Lesions: Pathologic Review

Cited by 23 publications

References 63 publications

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate presenting with skin metastasis: a case report

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate presenting with skin metastasis: a case report

Risk Perception and Psychological Morbidity in Men at Elevated Risk for Prostate Cancer

Negative predictive value for cancer in patients with “Gray‐Zone” PSA level and prior negative biopsy: Preliminary results with multiparametric 3.0 tesla MR

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