Preliminary epidemiological assessment of MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea, May to June 2015

Cowling, Benjamin J.; Park, M; Fang, Vicky J.; Wu, Peng; Leung, Gabriel M.; Wu, Joseph T.

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.25.21163

Cited by 311 publications

(353 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Epidemiological characteristics of MERS cases between the two countries were also compared. The experts concluded that the adjusted case fatality ratio (adjusted by secondary infection and co-morbidity) of MERS were similar for the two countries (also similar to the results of a previous study 7 ). The Saudi Arabian experts also confirmed that MERS is transmitted mostly in droplets, reassuring airborne infections would be extremely rare.…”

Section: Conflicts Of Interestsupporting

confidence: 69%

Engaging the international community during the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak in the Republic of Korea

Lee¹,

Nam²,

Lee³

et al. 2016

WPSAR

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Section: Conflicts Of Interestsupporting

confidence: 69%

Engaging the international community during the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak in the Republic of Korea

Lee¹,

Nam²,

Lee³

et al. 2016

WPSAR

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“…3,4) The recent discovery of the virus in China and Korea has led to fatal disease and fear of MERS CoV epidemics. 5,6) MERS CoV is a single strand RNA virus with a relatively large genome size of 30 kb. The MERS CoV genome is composed of one large polyprotein 1ab, spike protein, envelop protein, and nucleocapsid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synonymous and Biased Codon Usage by MERS CoV Papain-Like and 3CL-Proteases

Kandeel

Altaher

2017

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS CoV) is a recently evolved fatal respiratory disease that poses a concern for a global epidemic. MERS CoV encodes 2 proteases, 3C-like protease (3CLpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro). These proteases share in processing MERS CoV polyproteins at different sites to yield 16 nonstructural proteins. In this work, we provide evidence that MERS CoV 3CLpro and PLpro are subject to different genetic and evolutionary influences that shape the protein sequence, codon usage pattern, and codon usage bias. Compositional bias is present in both proteins due to a preference for AT nucleotides. Thymidine (T) was highly preferred at the third position of codons, preferred and overrepresented codons in PLpro, but was replaced by guanosine (G) in 3CLpro. Compositional constraints were important in PLpro but not in 3CLpro. Directed mutation pressure seems to have a strong influence on 3CLpro codon usage, which is more than 30-fold higher than that in PLpro. Translational selection was evident with PLpro but not with 3CLpro. Both proteins are less immunogenic by showing low CpG frequencies. Correspondence analysis reveals the presence of 3 genetic clusters based on codon usage in PLpro and 3CLpro. Every protein had one common cluster and 2 different clusters. As revealed by correspondence analysis, the number of influences on codon usage are restricted in MERS CoV 3CLpro. In contrast, PLpro is controlled by a broader range of compositional, mutational, and other influences. This may be due to the multifunctional protease, deubiquitination, and innate immunity suppressing profiles of PLpro.

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“…19 The largest MERS-CoV outbreak outside the Middle East occurred in South Korea in 2015, resulting in a total number of 186 cases with 36 deaths. 24 The index case, male late sixty, was returning from Bahrain after visiting multiple countries (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and UAE). The patient developed symptoms to which he attended various hospitals, resulting in an outbreak affecting five health care facilities escalating to involve 67 more by June 19, 2015.…”

Section: Major Outbreaks and Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging infectious diseases: MERS-COV, the new Betacoronavirus pandemic

Alaenazi¹,

Algarni

Alqahtani

et al. 2018

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Both the recent MERS-CoV and the past SARS-CoV indicate that new pathogens would probably emerge. Because it is not possible to predict when or where a new epidemic would occur, this continues to be a challenging issue for physicians and healthcare organizations. Furthermore, there are prophylactic vaccines or effective treatment for these infections and little is known about the origin and the zoonotic transmission of MERS-CoV which hinders the progress of its spread to humans. MERS-CoV is highly pathogenic, exhibiting high fatality rate than the former human corona virus SARS and can obviously be transmitted through several routes, with higher incidence in compromised healthcare settings. Currently, efforts to manage MERS-CoV spared should be directed towards developing educational programs, targeting the public and more importantly health care providers. For one major concern, this infection has and still could pose potential to spread rapidly across the globe, especially during religious mass gathering originating from a MERS-CoV hot spot (i.e., Hajj). Continued epidemiologic surveillance and vigilance remains crucial to compact this virus, or any future mutation.

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Preliminary epidemiological assessment of MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea, May to June 2015

Abstract: Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches

Cited by 311 publications

References 21 publications

Engaging the international community during the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak in the Republic of Korea

Engaging the international community during the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak in the Republic of Korea

Synonymous and Biased Codon Usage by MERS CoV Papain-Like and 3CL-Proteases

Emerging infectious diseases: MERS-COV, the new Betacoronavirus pandemic

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