Preliminary Application of WCX Magnetic Bead-Based Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry in Analyzing the Urine of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the application of weak cation exchange (WCX) magnetic bead-based MatrixAssisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in detecting differentially expressed proteins in the urine of renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC) and its value in the early diagnosis of RCCC.Methods Eleven newly diagnosed patients (10 males and 1 female, aged 46-78, mean 63 years) of renal clear cell carcinoma by biopsy and 10 healthy volunteers (all males, aged 25-32, mean 29.7 years) were enrolled in this study. Urine samples of the RCCC patients and healthy controls were collected in the morning. Weak cation exchange (WCX) bead-based MALDI-TOF MS technique was applied in detecting differential protein peaks in the urine of RCCC. ClinProTools2.2 software was utilized to determine the characteristic proteins in the urine of RCCC patients for the predictive model of RCCC.Results The technique identified 160 protein peaks in the urine that were different between RCCC patients and health controls; and among them, there was one peak (molecular weight of 2221.71 Da) with statistical significance (P=0.0304). With genetic algorithms and the support vector machine, we screened out 13 characteristic protein peaks for the predictive model.Conclusions The application of WCX magnetic bead-based MALDI-TOF MS in detecting differentially expressed proteins in urine may have potential value for the early diagnosis of RCCC.

Urinary Proteomic/Peptidomic Biosignature of Breast Cancer Patients Using 1D SDS-PAGE Combined with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

“…For the first time, regarding this specific subtype of cancer, a non-invasive procedure was used to identify urinary biomarkers. On the other hand, Dong et al [17] used bead-based MALDI-TOF MS to discover 160 potential protein biomarkers in urines from 10 HCs and 11 newly diagnosed patients with renal clear cell carcinoma. Similarly, Wang et al [18] identified 76 different urinary polypeptides, using MALDI-TOF MS to establish the peptide expression biosignatures of 34 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and 36 HCs to serve as potential biomarkers to non-invasively detect lung adenocarcinoma.…”

Screening of renal clear cell carcinoma prognostic marker genes based on TCGA and GTEx chip data and construction of transcription factor-related regulatory networks

“…The clinical symptoms of RCCC are not specific and are often ignored or misdiagnosed [ 5 ]. Therefore, it is significant to find biomarkers that can accurately predict the prognosis of RCCC patients [ 6 ]. Recently, with the continuous development of genomics and bioinformatics technologies, many studies have shown that prognostic biomarkers can provide clinicians with the basis for prognosis evaluation, thereby guiding patient treatment options and prognosis management [ [7] , [8] , [9] ].…”