Prefrontal cortex transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) temporarily reduces food cravings and increases the self-reported ability to resist food in adults with frequent food craving

Goldman, Ricki; Borckardt, Jeffrey J.; Frohman, Heather; O’Neil, Patrick M.; Madan, Alok; Campbell, Laura K.; Budak, Amanda R.; George, Mark S.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.02.013

Cited by 208 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…tDCS is currently being investigated as a therapeutic instrument for varied neurological conditions, which includes major depression 14,15 , posttraumatic stress disorder 16 , craving for food 17 , marijuana 18 , alcohol 19 and smoking 20 , as well as pain 21 , tinnitus 22 , migraine 23 , epilepsy 24 , Parkinson's disease 25,26 , stroke rehabilitation 27,28 and cognitive dysfunction 6,29 . Table 1 shows the evidence-based tDCS electrode montages to be used as treatment for different clinical conditions.…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous EEG Monitoring During Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Schestatsky

Morales-Quezada

Fregni

2013

JoVE

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a technique that delivers weak electric currents through the scalp. This constant electric current induces shifts in neuronal membrane excitability, resulting in secondary changes in cortical activity. Although tDCS has most of its neuromodulatory effects on the underlying cortex, tDCS effects can also be observed in distant neural networks. Therefore, concomitant EEG monitoring of the effects of tDCS can provide valuable information on the mechanisms of tDCS. In addition, EEG findings can be an important surrogate marker for the effects of tDCS and thus can be used to optimize its parameters. This combined EEG-tDCS system can also be used for preventive treatment of neurological conditions characterized by abnormal peaks of cortical excitability, such as seizures. Such a system would be the basis of a non-invasive closed-loop device. In this article, we present a novel device that is capable of utilizing tDCS and EEG simultaneously. For that, we describe in a step-by-step fashion the main procedures of the application of this device using schematic figures, tables and video demonstrations. Additionally, we provide a literature review on clinical uses of tDCS and its cortical effects measured by EEG techniques.

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Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous EEG Monitoring During Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Schestatsky

Morales-Quezada

Fregni

2013

JoVE

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“…These results have led researchers to consider the prefrontal cortex as part of a neural circuit contributing to the pathophysiology of eating disorders (Kaye, Wagner, Fudge, & Paulus, 2011) and therefore an interesting candidate as cortical target for studies aiming at exploring the modulatory effects of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques on food-related behaviour (McClelland, Bozhilova, Campbell, & Schmidt, 2013). Indeed, medial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices have been selected as target sites in studies with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) showing that stimulation sessions reduced food craving in healthy participants (Fregni et al, 2008;Goldman et al, 2011;Uher et al, 2005) and pathological feelings and behaviour in participants with eating disorders (Downar, Sankar, Giacobbe, Woodside, & Colton, 2012;Van den Eynde et al, 2010;Van den Eynde, Guillaume, Broadbent, Campbell, & Schmidt, 2013). However, the mechanisms underlying the behavioural outcome and how stimulation of specific target areas could modulate attitudes towards food are still poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial magnetic stimulation of medial prefrontal cortex modulates implicit attitudes towards food

et al. 2015

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“…Past tDCS research has shown that modulating the cortical excitability of the right DLPFC affects self-control (Dambacher et al, 2015;Fecteau et al, 2007;Fregni et al, 2008;Goldman et al, 2011). Another region of the right PFC that may have been influenced by the neuromodulation is the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromodulation can reduce aggressive behavior elicited by violent video games

Riva

Gabbiadini

Lauro

et al. 2016

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Research has shown that exposure to violent media increases aggression. However, the neural underpinnings of violent-media-related aggression are poorly understood.Additionally, few experiments have tested hypotheses concerning how to reduce violent-media-related aggression. In this experiment, we focused on a brain area involved in the regulation of aggressive impulses-the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC). We tested the hypothesis that brain polarization through anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over rVLPFC reduces aggression related to violent video games. Participants (N = 79) were randomly assigned to play a violent or a nonviolent video game while receiving anodal or sham stimulation. Afterward, participants aggressed against an ostensible partner using the Taylor aggression paradigm (Taylor Journal of Personality, 35, 297-310, 1967), which measures both unprovoked and provoked aggression. Among those who received sham stimulation, unprovoked aggression was significantly higher for violent-game players than for nonviolent-game players. Among those who received anodal stimulation, unprovoked aggression did not differ for violent-and nonviolent-game players. Thus, anodal stimulation reduced unprovoked aggression in violent-game players. No significant effects were found for provoked aggression, suggesting tit-for-tat responding. This experiment sheds light on one possible neural underpinning of violent-media-related aggression-the rVLPFC, a brain area involved in regulating negative feelings and aggressive impulses.Keywords Violent video games . Aggression . Self-control . Taylor aggression paradigm (TAP) . Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) When I was running Atari, violence against humanoid figures was not allowed. We'd let you shoot at a tank . . . but we drew the line at shooting at people, with blood splattering everywhere.-Nolan Bushnell, founder of Atari Nolan Bushnell, one of the founding fathers of the video game industry, Bdrew the line^at shooting at people. However, other video game developers have crossed over that line. In many violent video games today, players can kill realistic human-like characters using a wide variety of weapons. Playing violent video games is not just Bharmless fun,^either. Numerous studies have shown that violent video games can increase aggression (Anderson et al., 2010;Greitemeyer & Mügge, 2014). A recent report from the American Psychological Association (2015) concluded, BThe research demonstrates a consistent relation between violent video game use and increases in aggressive behavior.Ĥ owever, little is known about the neural mechanisms involved in the link between exposure to violent media and aggression. One possible mechanism is the prefrontal cortex, which regulates executive functions such as self-control (Carnagey, Anderson, & Bartholow, 2007). In particular, the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) has been implicated in various forms of self-control, including motor control (Chikazoe et al., 20...

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Prefrontal cortex transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) temporarily reduces food cravings and increases the self-reported ability to resist food in adults with frequent food craving

Cited by 208 publications

References 39 publications

Simultaneous EEG Monitoring During Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Simultaneous EEG Monitoring During Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Transcranial magnetic stimulation of medial prefrontal cortex modulates implicit attitudes towards food

Neuromodulation can reduce aggressive behavior elicited by violent video games

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