“…Fear due to a past childbirth experience may be an important risk factor to the childbearing decisions of both present and subsequent pregnancies. Childbirth fear during pregnancy has been found to influence one's desire for an elective cesarean birth, desire for future children, and request for increased analgesia in labor, as well as postnatal depression and impaired maternal-infant attachment ( (Bryanton, Gagnon, Johnston, & Hatem, 2008;Fenwick et al, 2009;Laursen, Johansen, & Hedegaard, 2009;Pang, Leung, Lau, & Chung, 2008;Waldenstrom et al, 2006).…”