Predictors of Bullying, Cyberbullying and Victimization: Review of Current Research

Abstract

Background. Despite the prevalence of school bullying in Russia and data on the severity of the consequences for its participants, the Russian-language scientifi c literature lacks a systematic understanding of the prerequisites for bullying, which could serve as the basis for practical developments aimed at preventing bullying in educational organizations. Th is article aims to fi ll this gap and systematize longitudinal, regression and meta-analytic studies of predictors of bullying, cyberbullying and victimization. Objective. Th e purpose of the article is to systematize data on predictors of school bullying and to model its escalation in school environment. To achieve this goal, a search, selection and theoretical analysis of a number of articles published over the past 5 years was carried out. Results. Th e performed theoretical analysis allows us to model the development of school bullying. Th e complex of individual-personal and environmental factors that increase the risk of bullying and victimization includes external behavioral and internal manifestations of schoolchildren, thoughts and judgements about themselves and others, social skills, personality traits, features of social contacts, perception of the school climate. Also, the risk factors can be attributed to a weak sense of belonging to school, a lack of support from peers and teachers, the peculiarity of social contacts and norms in the classroom. Th e peculiarities of upbringing and communication in the family and the attitude of parents of schoolchildren to aggression also play an important role in the emergence and escalation of bullying. Conclusion. Th e work carried out streamlines disparate ideas about the premises of bullying into a coherent picture that refl ects the complex nature of bullying predictors, and can be used as the basis for the development of preventive programs.

Взаимосвязь Использования Социальных Сетей С Удовлетворенностью Жизнью И Одиночеством У Подростков

“…The development and use of social media has led to it becoming an integral part of everyday life for adults and children. Active use of social networks has caused the emergence of new research problems, one of which is the nature of the relationship between psychological well-being and the degree of social media engagement (Jenkins-Guarnieri et al, 2013;Sobkin & Fedotova, 2021;Rostovtseva et al, 2022;Gorlova et al, 2021). To date, there are several concepts describing social media activity, such as intensity of use (Ellison et al, 2007), behavior-oriented or compulsive use, which, based on the criteria of addictive behavior, considers social media activity as normative, but having a tendency to form behavior associated with constant online presence (Elphinston & Noller, 2011), and problematic internet use (Gerasimova & Holmogorova, 2018).…”