Predictions of biochar yield and elemental composition during torrefaction of forest residues

Bach, Quang‐Vu; Chen, Wei‐Hsin; Chu, Yen Shih; Skreiberg, Øyvind

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.009

Cited by 102 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…With the temperature increase, a liquid gel yield increase was observed as well, which was a result of nonpolar or slightly polar compound formation (such as benzene derivatives). In general, with the torrefaction temperature increase, the biochar yield decreased in favor of condensables and noncondensables yields, which is consistent with data in the literature [19,33].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Torrefaction of Agricultural Residues: Effect of Temperature and Residence Time on the Process Products Properties

Jagodzińska

Czerep

Kudlek

et al. 2020

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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To date, few studies on the potential utilization of agricultural residue torrefaction products have been performed. Thus, torrefaction product characterization aimed at its potential utilization was performed. Wheat-barley straw pellets and wheat-rye chaff were used in the study. The impact of the torrefaction temperature (280-320°C) on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content in the biochar and noncondensable gas (noncondensables) composition was investigated. The impact of the torrefaction time (30-75 min) on the composition of the condensable volatiles (condensables) and their toxicity were also studied. The torrefaction process was performed in a batch-scale reactor. The PAH contents were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the noncondensables composition was measured online using a gas analyzer and then gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The condensables composition and main compound quantification were determined and quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Three toxicity tests, for saltwater bacteria (Microtox ® bioassay), freshwater crustaceans (Daphtoxkit F magna ® ), and vascular plants (Lemna sp. growth inhibition test), were performed for the condensables. The PAHs content in the biochar, regardless of the torrefaction temperature, allows them to be used in agriculture. The produced torgas shall be co-combusted with full-caloric fuel because of its low calorific value. Toxic compounds (furans and phenols) were identified in the condensable samples, and regardless of the processing time, the condensables were classified as highly toxic. Therefore, they can be used either as pesticides or as an anaerobic digestion substrate after their detoxification.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Torrefaction of Agricultural Residues: Effect of Temperature and Residence Time on the Process Products Properties

Jagodzińska

Czerep

Kudlek

et al. 2020

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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“…Torrefaction is characterised by biochar and biochar-like yields [26]. The carbon percentage of solid residue is generally around 50-60 wt.% [27], but it can reach 72-80 wt.% using microwave process with the addition of microwave absorbers as reported in several studies [28][29][30][31]. Microwave use leads to the drastic reduction of process timescale from hours to minutes.…”

Section: Biochar: Production Waysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Traditional Carbon Fillers: Biochar-Based Reinforced Plastic

Bartoli¹,

Giorcelli²,

Jagdale³

et al. 2021

Fillers

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The global market of carbon-reinforced plastic represents one of the largest economic platforms. This sector is dominated by carbon black (CB) produced from traditional oil industry. Recently, high technological fillers such as carbon fibres or nanostructured carbon (i.e. carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide) fillers have tried to exploit their potential but without economic success. So, in this chapter we are going to analyse the use of an unconventional carbon filler called biochar. Biochar is the solid residue of pyrolysis and can be a solid and sustainable replacement for traditional and expensive fillers. In this chapter, we will provide overview of the last advancement in the use of biochar as filler for the production of reinforced plastics.

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“…The operative temperature ranges from 200 to 350 • C with long residence and processing times and high solid product yields [26]. The carbon content of solid residue is around 50-60 wt.% [27] but can reach 72-80 wt.% by using microwave heating combined with the addition of microwave susceptors [28][29][30][31]. This approach leads to the reduction of the process timescale to minutes.…”

Section: Biochar Production Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

et al. 2020

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Biochar is the solid residue that is recovered after the thermal cracking of biomasses in an oxygen-free atmosphere. Biochar has been used for many years as a soil amendment and in general soil applications. Nonetheless, biochar is far more than a mere soil amendment. In this review, we report all the non-soil applications of biochar including environmental remediation, energy storage, composites, and catalyst production. We provide a general overview of the recent uses of biochar in material science, thus presenting this cheap and waste-derived material as a high value-added and carbonaceous source.

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Predictions of biochar yield and elemental composition during torrefaction of forest residues

Cited by 102 publications

References 22 publications

Torrefaction of Agricultural Residues: Effect of Temperature and Residence Time on the Process Products Properties

Torrefaction of Agricultural Residues: Effect of Temperature and Residence Time on the Process Products Properties

Towards Traditional Carbon Fillers: Biochar-Based Reinforced Plastic

A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

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