Prediction of Solubility of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Single Solvents and Their Mixtures — Solvent Screening

Abstract

In this chapter, the applicability of two predictive activity coefficient-based models will be examined. The experimental data from five different types of VLE (vaporliquid equilibrium) and VLLE (vapor-liquid-liquid equilibrium) systems that are common in industry are used for the evaluation. The nonrandom two-liquid segment activity coefficient (NRTL-SAC) and universal functional activity coefficient (UNI-FAC) were selected to model the systems. The various thermodynamic relations existing in the open literature will be discussed and used to predict the solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients and other small organic molecules in a single or a mixture of solvents. Equations of states, the activity coefficient, and predictive models will be discussed and used for this purpose. We shall also present some of our results on solvent screening using a single and a mixture of solvents.