Prediction of Chemical Composition in Sunflower Whole Plant and Silage (Helianthus Annus L.) by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to predict chemical composition in both sunflower whole plant (WPSun) and sunflower silage (SunS). Samples of both WPSun ( n = 73) and SunS ( n = 50) were analysed by reference method and scanned in reflectance using a NIR monochromator instrument (400–2500 nm). Calibration models were developed between NIR data and reference values for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, acid detergent fibre (ADFom), neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom), in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD), ether extract (EE) and pH using partial least squares regression (PLS). Due to the limited number of samples full cross-validation was used to test the calibration models. The best correlations (R 2cal) and lowest standard errors in cross-validation (SECV) were obtained for DM (R 2cal > 0.82, SECV: 27.0 and 35.8 g kg−1), CP (R 2cal> 0.85, SECV: 9.9 and 10.1 g kg−1) and ash (R2cal> 0.85, SECV 11.2 and 8.2 g kg−1) in both WPSun and SunS samples, respectively. For ADFom, aNDFom and OMD the calibrations were considered to be poor (R 2cal < 0.85). In SunS samples a good correlation was found for EE (R 2cal = 0.94, SECV: 15.3 g kg−1).

Analysis of Various Quality Attributes of Sunflower and Soybean Plants by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy: Development and Validation Calibration Models

“…Likewise, the median, SD, Q1, Q3, and IQ of the validation sample set were more or less similar to those of the calibration sample set in most cases. In addition, most of the observed results are in agreement with the results reported by other researchers for soybean and sunflower [49] [50] [51]. The similarities of various statistics between calibration and validation sets suggest that the calibration models to be developed could reliably be applied to the validation set, without extrapolation from models [52].…”

Fodder Quality of Safflower across an Irrigation Gradient and with Varied Nitrogen Rates

“…The ground samples (3–5 g) were scanned with a Foss NIR Systems 5000 reflectance apparatus (Foss Tecator, Hoganas, Sweden), which collected data in 2‐nm wavelength steps from 1108 to 2492 nm. The NIRS calibrations were specially developed for safflower (Table 1) as also described for sunflower by Fassio et al (2007) They were calibrated according to Goering and Van Soeste (1970) for measurements of plant fiber attributes (NDF, ADF, and ADL); and according to Tilley and Terry (1963) for IVDMD. This methodology has been developed for forage by Barton and Windham (1988) and it was accepted as official method no.…”

“…P lants of the C ompositae family offer potential as forage for ruminants. Some prominent examples are chicory ( Cichorium intybus L.) which is grown as forage in New Zealand (Hume et al, 1995), Chrysanthemum coronarium L., grown in Italy (Sulas and Caredda, 1997; Valente et al, 2003), and post‐harvest residues of artichoke ( Cynara scolymus L. (Meneses et al, 2007) and sunflower ( Heliantus annus L.; Fassio et al, 2007) that are ensiled and fed to ruminants. Safflower, a strongly tap‐rooted annual plant from the same family, which is native to the Middle East, is resistant to saline condition (Francois and Bernstein, 1964) and to moisture stress (Bassiri et al, 1977), and reaches deep‐lying water (Aase and Pikul, 2000).…”

Parâmetros Produtivos Do Girassol Submetido À Lâminas De Irrigação Na Região Do Maciço De Baturité – Ce

“…Santos et al (2011), avaliando o desempenho de genótipos de girassol sob irrigação nas condições do semiárido, observaram a média para a proteína bruta está em torno de 11,9%. Já Fassio et al (2007), analisando a composição na silagem de girassol, obtiveram uma média de 12% de proteína bruta. Ambos os estudos apresentam resultados semelhantes para esta variável.…”