Predicting temperature mortality and selection in natural
            <i>Drosophila</i>
            populations

Rezende, Enrico L.; Bozinovic, Francisco; Szilágyi, András; Santos, Mauro

doi:10.1126/science.aba9287

Cited by 102 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The proper ramping rate to measure CT max should be designed on the basis of taxon-group (Kovacevic, Latombe & Chown, 2019). Although the present ant studies and Drosophila studies present similar correlation between CT max and ramping rate in the static and dynamic assays (Jørgensen, Malte & Overgaard, 2019; Rezende et al , 2020), we found that CT max measurements through the “best” ramping rate can be a reliable predictor for ant foraging activity and associated maximum temperatures measured in the field. This comparison suggests that ramping rate used in CT max measurements should also be tested against species upper thermal limit measured in the field (e.g.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Critical Thermal maximum measurements and its biological relevance: the case of ants

Leong

Tsang

Guénard

2020

Preprint

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Upper thermal limit (UTL) is a key trait in evaluating ectotherm fitness. Critical Thermal maximum CTmax, often used to characterize the UTL of an organism in laboratory setting, needs to be accurate to characterize this significant and field-relevant threshold. The lack of standardization in CTmax assays has, however, introduce methodological problems in its measurement and incorrect estimation of species upper thermal limit; with potential major implications on the use of CTmax in forecasting community dynamics under climate change. In this study we ask if a satisfactory ramping rate can be identified to produce accurate measures of CTmax for multiple species.We first identified the most commonly used ramping rates (i.e. 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 °Cmin−1) based on a literature review, and determined the ramping rate effects on CTmax value measurements in 27 ant species (7 arboreal, 16 ground, 4 subterranean species) from eight subfamilies using both dynamic and static assays. In addition, we used field observations on multiple species foraging activity in function of ground temperatures to identify the most biologically relevant CTmax value to ultimately develop a standardized methodological approach.Integrating dynamic and static assays provided a powerful approach to identify a suitable ramping rate for the measurements of CTmax values in ants. Our results also showed that among the values tested the ramping rate of 1 °Cmin−1 is optimal, with convergent evidences from CTmax values measured in laboratory and from foraging thermal maximum measured in the field. Finally, we illustrate how methodological bias in terms of physiological trait measurements can also affect the detection of phylogenetic signal (Pagel’s λ and Bloomberg’s K) in subsequent analyses.Overall, this study presents a methodological framework allowing the identification of suitable and standardized ramping rates for the measurement of ant CTmax, which may be used for other ectotherms. Particular attention should be given to CTmax values retrieved from less suitable ramping rate, and the potential biases that functional trait based research may induce on topics such as global warming, habitat conversion or their impacts on analytical interpretations on phylogenetic conservatism.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Critical Thermal maximum measurements and its biological relevance: the case of ants

Leong

Tsang

Guénard

2020

Preprint

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“…Modelling and discussion of TTL predictions beyond the boundaries of the input data has recently gained traction (see examples in Rezende et al 44 and Buckley 45 ) but we caution that the potent exponential nature of the TTL requires careful consideration as it is both easy and enticing to misuse this model.…”

Section: Practical Considerations and Pitfalls For Model Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Unifying Model to Estimate Thermal Tolerance Limits in Ectotherms Across Static, Dynamic and Fluctuating Exposures to Thermal Stress

Jørgensen

Malte

Ørsted

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Temperature tolerance is critical for defining the fundamental niche of ectotherms and researchers classically use either static (exposure to a constant temperature) or dynamic (ramping temperature) assays to assess tolerance. The use of different methods complicates comparison between studies and here we present mathematical model (and R-scripts) to reconcile thermal tolerance measures obtained from static and dynamic assays. Our model uses input data from several static or dynamic experiments and is based on the well-supported assumption that thermal injury accumulation rate increases exponentially with temperature (recently re-introduced as Thermal Tolerance Landscapes). The model also assumes thermal stress at different temperatures to be additive and using experiments with Drosophila melanogaster, we validate these central assumptions by demonstrating that heat injury attained at different heat stress intensities and durations is additive. In a separate experiment we demonstrate that our model can accurately describe injury accumulation during fluctuating temperature stress and further we validate the model by successfully converting literature data of ectotherm heat tolerance (both static and dynamic assays) to a single, comparable metric (the temperature tolerated for 1 hour). The model presented here has many promising applications for the analysis of ectotherm thermal tolerance and we also discuss potential pitfalls that should be considered and avoided using this model.

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“…Previously, it has been shown that Drosophila struggle to survive on corresponding experimental diets at high temperatures (1) and that wild flies seek yeast-based food in the summer (3). Although global warming is the main problem our society is facing in this 21st century, its consequence on the animal kingdom is not understood (8,9). In this paper, we provide new insights in the dual response of one neuronal subset to diet and changes of environmental temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and heat - one neuronal subset two responses

Prince¹,

Kretzschmar²,

Trautenberg³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The Insulin signal cascade is one of the best studied metabolic circuits, and shows a remarkable high molecular and functional conservation across the animal kingdom. Insulin-producing cells respond directly to nutritional cues in circulation and receive modulatory input from connected neuronal networks. Neuronal control is rapid and integrates a wide range of variables including dietary change or environmental temperature. However, despite various detailed studies that demonstrated the potential of neuronal regulation the physiological relevance of this circuit remains elusive.In Drosophila, Insulin-like peptide 7 (dIlp7)-producing neurons are wired with Insulin-producing cells. We found a dual role for this neuronal subset: a.) activated dilp7-producing neurons are required to facilitate development at high temperatures, and if confronted with calorie-rich food that represses neuronal activity b.) their product, dIlp7, regulates Insulin signalling levels. Our work shows that Insulin-producing cells not simply integrate signals from circulating nutritional cues and neuronal inputs, but switch to neuronal control in response to dietary composition.

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Predicting temperature mortality and selection in natural Drosophila populations

Cited by 102 publications

References 31 publications

Critical Thermal maximum measurements and its biological relevance: the case of ants

Critical Thermal maximum measurements and its biological relevance: the case of ants

A Unifying Model to Estimate Thermal Tolerance Limits in Ectotherms Across Static, Dynamic and Fluctuating Exposures to Thermal Stress

Diet and heat - one neuronal subset two responses

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