Predicting Sexual Victimization Among College Students in Chile and Turkey: A Cross-Cultural Analysis

Schuster, Isabell; Krahé, Barbara

doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1335-z

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The associations were found controlling for the temporal stability of risky scripts and risky sexual behavior and repeated experience of sexual victimization over the three data waves, using a crosslagged panel design. These results based on college students in Germany join findings from student samples in other countries such as Brazil, Chile, Poland, Turkey, and the U.S. (D'Abreu & Schuster & Krahé, 2019;Tomaszewska & Krahé, 2018a;Turchik et al, 2009) as well as adolescents in Germany (Krahé et al, 2007b) based on two-wave designs. The present three-wave design facilitated a more stringent test of the proposed causal chain from scripts to victimization by measuring the predictor, the mediator, and the outcome at all three data waves.…”

Section: Sexual Victimization T2supporting

confidence: 75%

“…Thus, risky sexual scripts for consensual sex may inform risky sexual behavior, which -in accordance with the propositions of routine activity theory -may in turn predict a higher vulnerability to sexual victimization. These associations have been demonstrated in several two-wave longitudinal studies with adolescents and young adults (D'Abreu & Krahé, 2016;Krahé et al, 2007b;Schuster & Krahé, 2019;Tomaszewska & Krahé, 2018a). In another two-wave study, adherence to the traditional heterosexual script, defined by the construction of men as initiators and women as gatekeepers of sexual interactions, was linked to a lower ability to resist unwanted hookups (Gamble, 2019).…”

Section: Sexual Scripts As Guidelines For Sexual Behaviormentioning

confidence: 81%

“…A broad research literature has shown consistently that male college students experience sexual victimization, but at a lower rate compared to female students (e.g., Cantor et al, 2020;D'Abreu & Krahé, 2016;Hines et al, 2012;Mumford et al, 2020;Schuster & Krahé, 2019;Tomaszewska & Krahé, 2018b). Despite this difference in prevalence, the risk factors of sexual victimization were found to be similar for women and men.…”

Section: The Role Of Gender and Sexual Minority Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathways from College Students’ Cognitive Scripts for Consensual Sex to Sexual Victimization: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

Krahé

Berger

2021

The Journal of Sex Research

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Sexual scripts serve as cognitive representations of typical elements of sexual interactions that guide sexual behavior. To the extent that cognitive scripts for consensual sex comprise elements associated with a risk of experiencing nonconsensual sex, they may be indirectly linked to sexual victimization via risky sexual behavior. A longitudinal study with 2,425 college students in Germany (58% female) examined pathways from sexual scripts for consensual sex, sexual behavior, and sexual victimization over three data waves separated by 12-month intervals. Sexual scripts and behavior were defined as risky to the extent that they include known vulnerability factors for sexual victimization (casual sex, alcohol consumption, ambiguous communication of sexual intentions). Path analyses confirmed that more risky sexual scripts prospectively predicted more risky sexual behavior, which predicted higher odds of sexual victimization. The findings held for men and women and participants with exclusively opposite-sex and both same-and opposite-sex contacts. Moreover, reciprocal influences between risky scripts and risky sexual behavior were found over time, confirming the proposed mutual reinforcement of scripts and behavior. The findings have implications for conceptualizing the role of scripts for consensual sex as vulnerability factors for sexual victimization among women and men and may inform intervention efforts.

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Section: Sexual Victimization T2supporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Sexual Scripts As Guidelines For Sexual Behaviormentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: The Role Of Gender and Sexual Minority Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathways from College Students’ Cognitive Scripts for Consensual Sex to Sexual Victimization: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

Krahé

Berger

2021

The Journal of Sex Research

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“…Furthermore, risky sexual behavior was positively associated with both sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, supporting Hypothesis 4. This pattern of findings corroborates previous evidence from different countries [ 35 , 69 , 70 ] and underlines the conceptualization of sexual scripts as guidelines for sexual behavior.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Links of Perceived Pornography Realism with Sexual Aggression via Sexual Scripts, Sexual Behavior, and Acceptance of Sexual Coercion: A Study with German University Students

Krahé

Tomaszewska

Schuster

2021

IJERPH

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Exposure to pornographic material has been linked to sexual aggression perpetration and victimization in a large body of research. Based on social learning theory and 3A theory of script learning, this study contributes to this research by testing the hypothesis that the more realistic pornography is perceived to be by young adults, the more likely they are to experience and engage in sexual aggression. Two underlying pathways were proposed: one path via scripts and patterns of sexual behavior regarding consensual sexual interactions that contain established risk factors for sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, and a second path via the acceptance of sexual coercion. In a cross-sectional study, 1181 university students in Germany (762 female; 419 male) completed measures of pornography use and perception, risky sexual scripts and sexual behavior, and acceptance of sexual coercion. As predicted, pornography realism was a positive predictor of risky sexual scripts, risky sexual behavior, and acceptance of sexual coercion. Indirect links with sexual aggression victimization and perpetration were found via both pathways. No gender differences in the associations were found. The implications for media literacy interventions addressing the realism of pornography are discussed.

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“…Fourth, we examined whether the nonredundant severity score proposed by Koss et al (2008) to classify victimization and perpetration reports by the most severe form of sexual aggression would be affected by the order manipulation. This analysis is especially important because the ordinal scoring procedure proposed by Koss et al (2007) is widely used in the prediction of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration (e.g., Johnson et al, 2017;Schuster & Krahé, 2019a, 2019bZinzow & Thompson, 2015) and was found to be valid in the analysis by Davis et al (2014). Like Abbey et al (2005), we focused on young adults because they are the target group that is most often studied with self-report instruments, such as the SES and the SAV-S.…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Question Format Matter in Assessing the Prevalence of Sexual Aggression? A Methodological Study

Schuster

Tomaszewska

Marchewka

et al. 2020

The Journal of Sex Research

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As research on sexual aggression has been growing, methodological issues in assessing prevalence rates have received increased attention. Building on work by Abbey and colleagues about effects of question format, participants in this study (1,253; 621 female; 632 male) were randomly assigned to one of two versions of the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S). In Version 1, the coercive tactic (use/ threat of physical force, exploitation of the inability to resist, verbal pressure) was presented first, and sexual acts (sexual touch, attempted and completed sexual intercourse, other sexual acts) were presented as subsequent questions. In Version 2, sexual acts were presented first, and coercive tactics as subsequent questions. No version effects emerged for overall perpetration rates reported by men and women. The overall victimization rate across all items was significantly higher in the tactic-first than in the sexual-act-first conditions for women, but not for men. Classifying participants by their most severe experience of sexual victimization showed that fewer women were in the nonvictim category and more men were in the nonconsensual sexual contact category when the coercive tactic was presented first. Sexual experience background did not moderate the findings. The implications for the measurement of self-reported sexual aggression victimization and perpetration are discussed.

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Predicting Sexual Victimization Among College Students in Chile and Turkey: A Cross-Cultural Analysis

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

Pathways from College Students’ Cognitive Scripts for Consensual Sex to Sexual Victimization: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

Pathways from College Students’ Cognitive Scripts for Consensual Sex to Sexual Victimization: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

Links of Perceived Pornography Realism with Sexual Aggression via Sexual Scripts, Sexual Behavior, and Acceptance of Sexual Coercion: A Study with German University Students

Does Question Format Matter in Assessing the Prevalence of Sexual Aggression? A Methodological Study

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