Predictability of skeletal muscle tension from architectural determinations in guinea pig hindlimbs

Powell, P. L.; Roy, Roland R.; Kanim, P.; Bello, M. A.; Edgerton, V. Reggie

doi:10.1152/jappl.1984.57.6.1715

Cited by 450 publications

(399 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…P CSA estimates the portion of the muscle making a mechanically relevant input to a musculoskeletal system and is calculated using the equation P CSA Z muscle mass muscle density !cos Q ! 1 fibre length ; ð2:2Þ where Q is the average angle of pinnation from the central tendon of the muscle and the density of the fish muscle is 1.05 g cm K3 (Powell et al 1984;Wainwright 1988). Preliminary analysis revealed considerably different fibre angles on either side of the central tendon of the adductor mandibulae anterior (figure 2a).…”

Section: Theoretical Bite Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

Hard prey, soft jaws and the ontogeny of feeding mechanics in the spotted ratfishHydrolagus colliei

Huber

Dean

Summers

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The spotted ratfish Hydrolagus colliei is a holocephalan fish that consumes hard prey (durophagy) but lacks many morphological characters associated with durophagy in other cartilaginous fishes. We investigated its feeding biomechanics and biting performance to determine whether it can generate bite forces comparable with other durophagous elasmobranchs, how biting performance changes over ontogeny (21-44 cm SL) and whether biomechanical modelling can accurately predict feeding performance in holocephalans. Hydrolagus colliei can generate absolute and mass-specific bite forces comparable with other durophagous elasmobranchs (anteriorZ104 N, posteriorZ191 N) and has the highest jaw leverage of any cartilaginous fish studied. Modelling indicated that cranial geometry stabilizes the jaw joint by equitably distributing forces throughout the feeding mechanism and that positive allometry of bite force is due to hyperallometric mechanical advantage. However, bite forces measured through tetanic stimulation of the adductor musculature increased isometrically. The jaw adductors of H. colliei fatigued more rapidly than those of the piscivorous spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias as well. The feeding mechanism of H. colliei is a volume-constrained system in which negative allometry of cranial dimensions leaves relatively less room for musculature. Jaw adductor force, however, is maintained through ontogenetic changes in muscle architecture.

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Section: Theoretical Bite Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

Hard prey, soft jaws and the ontogeny of feeding mechanics in the spotted ratfishHydrolagus colliei

Huber

Dean

Summers

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…The PCSA is proportional to a muscle's maximum force-producing capacity [24]. Given the size of the data set (nearly 20,000 data points), it was useful to define muscle groups about each joint (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Skeletal muscle architecture is defined as the arrangement of muscle fibers in a muscle [9] and predicts muscle functional capacity [2,24]. Although other physical parameters such as muscle mass and volume and other metabolic parameters such as fiber type distribution substantially influence contractile properties, none predicts muscle function as well as muscle architecture [3,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Current Measurements of Lower Extremity Muscle Architecture Accurate?

Ward¹,

Eng²,

Smallwood³

et al. 2008

Clin Orthop Relat Res

572

657

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Skeletal muscle architecture is defined as the arrangement of fibers in a muscle and functionally defines performance capacity. Architectural values are used to model muscle-joint behavior and to make surgical decisions. The two most extensively used human lower extremity data sets consist of five total specimens of unknown size, gender, and age. Therefore, it is critically important to generate a high-fidelity human lower extremity muscle architecture data set. We disassembled 27 muscles from 21 human lower extremities to characterize muscle fiber length and physiologic cross-sectional area, which define the excursion and force-generating capacities of a muscle. Based on their architectural features, the soleus, gluteus medius, and vastus lateralis are the strongest muscles, whereas the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus have the largest excursion. The plantarflexors, knee extensors, and hip adductors are the strongest muscle groups acting at each joint, whereas the hip adductors and hip extensors have the largest excursion. Contrary to previous assertions, two-joint muscles do not necessarily have longer fibers than single-joint muscles as seen by the similarity of knee flexor and extensor fiber lengths. These high-resolution data will facilitate the development of more accurate musculoskeletal models and challenge existing theories of muscle design; we believe they will aid in surgical decision making.

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“…To determine the maximum isometric stress generated, isometric force was normalized to physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA), an anatomic parameter that is directly proportional to force-generating capacity (36). For computations, previously published density and architectural values for the mouse GAS were used (5,30).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced thin filament length in nebulin-knockout skeletal muscle alters isometric contractile properties

Gokhin

Bang

Zhang

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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Gokhin DS, Bang ML, Zhang J, Chen J, Lieber RL. Reduced thin filament length in nebulin-knockout skeletal muscle alters isometric contractile properties. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 296: C1123-C1132, 2009. First published March 18, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00503.2008 is a large, rod-like protein believed to dictate actin thin filament length in skeletal muscle. NEB gene defects are associated with congenital nemaline myopathy. The functional role of NEB was investigated in gastrocnemius muscles from neonatal wild-type (WT) and NEB knockout (NEB-KO) mice, whose thin filaments have uniformly shorter lengths compared with WT mice. Isometric stress production in NEB-KO skeletal muscle was reduced by 27% compared with WT skeletal muscle on postnatal day 1 and by 92% on postnatal day 7, consistent with functionally severe myopathy. NEB-KO muscle was also more susceptible to a decline in stress production during a bout of 10 cyclic isometric tetani. Length-tension properties in NEB-KO muscle were altered in a manner consistent with reduced thin filament length, with length-tension curves from NEB-KO muscle demonstrating a 7.4% narrower functional range and an optimal length reduced by 0.13 muscle lengths. Expression patterns of myosin heavy chain isoforms and total myosin content did not account for the functional differences between WT and NEB-KO muscle. These data indicate that NEB is essential for active stress production, maintenance of functional integrity during cyclic activation, and lengthtension properties consistent with a role in specifying normal thin filament length. Continued analysis of NEB's functional properties will strengthen the understanding of force transmission and thin filament length regulation in skeletal muscle and may provide insights into the molecular processes that give rise to nemaline myopathy. neonatal mouse; isometric stress; myosin heavy chain; length-tension curve FORCE GENERATION in skeletal muscle results from the interdigitation of actin (thin) filaments and myosin (thick) filaments in the sarcomeres of the myofibrillar lattice. The magnitude of active force production is predicted by the sliding filament model, which states that active muscle force is proportional to the degree of thin and thick filament overlap (15, 16). The length-tension relationship quantifies the relationship between myofilament overlap and force production and is determined by eliciting isometric tetani at a discrete series of lengths (7,9,10,14). Myofilaments are polymeric, but their lengths are controlled precisely during sarcomere assembly and are highly uniform within a fiber (6, 24). Myofilament length varies across muscle type and species (11,13,43,44,47), with resultant functional consequences on the shape of the lengthtension curve (11). Therefore, the molecular basis of myofilament length regulation has substantial physiological implications.Previous studies have demonstrated that thin filament length is partly controlled by the action of "capping" proteins. At the thin filament barbed end (anchore...

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Predictability of skeletal muscle tension from architectural determinations in guinea pig hindlimbs

Cited by 450 publications

References 25 publications

Hard prey, soft jaws and the ontogeny of feeding mechanics in the spotted ratfishHydrolagus colliei

Hard prey, soft jaws and the ontogeny of feeding mechanics in the spotted ratfishHydrolagus colliei

Are Current Measurements of Lower Extremity Muscle Architecture Accurate?

Reduced thin filament length in nebulin-knockout skeletal muscle alters isometric contractile properties

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