Precautions Are Needed for COVID-19 Patients with Coinfection of Common Respiratory Pathogens

Xing, Quansheng; Li, Guoju; Xing, Yuhan; Chen, Ting; Li, Wenjie; Ni, Wei; Deng, Kai; Gao, Ruqin; Chen, Changzheng; Gao, Yang; Li, Qiang; Yu, Guiling; Tong, Jianning; Li, Wei; Hao, Gui-liang; Sun, Yue; Ai, Zhang; Wu, Qin; Li, Zi-pu; Pan, Silin

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3550013

Cited by 59 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Initial database searches resulted in 1766 publications of potential relevance with 1000 identified via Google Scholar, 316 publications identified via Medline/PubMed, 324 publications identified via EMBASE, 89 publications identified via Web of Science, 34 publications identified via Wiley's Cochrane Library, and 3 publications identified via OpenGrey (Figure 1; Supporting Information Table S2) At the full article screening stage, 6 study authors were contacted by mail regarding possible unpublished data from their studies with 1 responding that the data were unavailable. After title/abstract review and full text article screening, 19 articles were included in the final meta‐analysis with a total of 1880 patients 27–45 (Figure 2 and Table 1). Eleven included studies were from peer reviewed journals 28,29,31,34–38,40,41,45 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral and atypical respiratory co‐infections in COVID‐19: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2020

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Objectives Respiratory co‐infections have the potential to affect the diagnosis and treatment of COVID‐19 patients. This meta‐analysis was performed to analyze the prevalence of respiratory pathogens (viruses and atypical bacteria) in COVID‐19 patients. Methods This review was consistent with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). Searched databases included: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and grey literature. Studies with a series of SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive patients with additional respiratory pathogen testing were included. Independently, 2 authors extracted data and assessed quality of evidence across all studies using Cochrane's Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology and within each study using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. Data extraction and quality assessment disagreements were settled by a third author. Pooled prevalence of co‐infections was calculated using a random‐effects model with univariate meta‐regression performed to assess the effect of study subsets on heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot inspection, Begg's correlation, and Egger's test. Results Eighteen retrospective cohorts and 1 prospective study were included. Pooling of data (1880 subjects) showed an 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.9–17.4, I2 = 0.92) pooled prevalence of respiratory co‐pathogens. Studies with 100% co‐pathogen testing (1210 subjects) found a pooled prevalence of 16.8% (95% CI = 8.1–27.9, I2 = 0.95) and studies using serum antibody tests (488 subjects) found a pooled prevalence of 26.8% (95%, CI = 7.9–51.9, I2 = 0.97). Meta‐regression found no moderators affecting heterogeneity. Conclusion Co‐infection with respiratory pathogens is a common and potentially important occurrence in patients with COVID‐19. Knowledge of the prevalence and type of co‐infections may have diagnostic and management implications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eleven included studies were from peer reviewed journals 28,29,31,34–38,40,41,45 . Eight studies comprised articles located on a British Medical Journal's preprint server for health sciences (medRxiv) containing articles that had not yet been peer reviewed 27,30,32,33,39,42,43,44 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral and atypical respiratory co‐infections in COVID‐19: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2020

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“…This finding was consistent with our previous observation and also in line with studies of other researchers. 28,29 The high co-infection rate in children highlights the importance of SARS-CoV-2 screening, especially during the peak season for colds, influenza and other respiratory ailments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coinfection and Other Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Children

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified pathogen that mainly spreads by droplets. Most published studies have been focused on adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but data concerning pediatric patients are limited. In this study, we aimed to determine epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of pediatric patients with COVID-19. METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed data on pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, including basic information, epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiologic findings, treatment, outcome, and follow-up results. RESULTS: A total of 74 pediatric patients with COVID-19 were included in this study. Of the 68 case patients whose epidemiological data were complete, 65 (65 of 68; 95.59%) were household contacts of adults. Cough (32.43%) and fever (27.03%) were the predominant symptoms of 44 (59.46%) symptomatic patients at onset of the illness. Abnormalities in leukocyte count were found in 23 (31.08%) children, and 10 (13.51%) children presented with abnormal lymphocyte count. Of the 34 (45.95%) patients who had nucleic acid testing results for common respiratory pathogens, 19 (51.35%) showed coinfection with other pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2. Ten (13.51%) children had real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis for fecal specimens, and 8 of them showed prolonged existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 presented with distinct epidemiological, clinical, and radiologic characteristics from adult patients. Nearly one-half of the infected children had coinfection with other common respiratory pathogens. It is not uncommon for pediatric patients to have prolonged fecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA during the convalescent phase.

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“…This report identified IgM antibodies to at least one respiratory pathogen in 80% and 2.6% of the patients from Quingdao and Wuhan, respectively. Influenza A, influenza B, followed by Mycoplasma and Legionella, were the most common respiratory pathogens detected [4] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection with Influenza A and COVID-19

Konala

Adapa

Gayam

et al. 2020

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine

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COVID-19, also called severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), originated in Wuhan, China. It has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and has been declared a global pandemic by the WHO. Influenza occurs mainly during the winter, with the burden of disease determined by several factors, including the effectiveness of the vaccine that season, the characteristics of the circulating viruses, and how long the season lasts. We describe the case of a 66-year-old woman who was diagnosed with influenza A and COVID-19 co-infection. LEARNING POINTS• COVID-19 can co-occur with other viral infections. • Some of these co-infections have active treatments, while supportive treatment is the mainstay of treatment for others.

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Precautions Are Needed for COVID-19 Patients with Coinfection of Common Respiratory Pathogens

Cited by 59 publications

References 3 publications

Viral and atypical respiratory co‐infections in COVID‐19: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Viral and atypical respiratory co‐infections in COVID‐19: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Coinfection and Other Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Children

Co-infection with Influenza A and COVID-19

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