Pre-treatment microbial Prevotella-to-Bacteroides ratio, determines body fat loss success during a 6-month randomized controlled diet intervention

Hjorth, Mads F.; Roager, Henrik Munch; Larsen, Thomas Meinert; Poulsen, Sanne Kellebjerg; Licht, Tine Rask; Bahl, Martin Iain; Zohar, Yishai; Astrup, Arne

doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.220

Cited by 150 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In this study, nonobese ETP individuals showed greater BMI loss than ETB individuals after our 3-week intervention. Similar findings were also reported in overweight individuals that high Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio group had higher weight loss than low Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio group when receiving the New Nordic Diet [17] and a 500 kcal/day energy deficit diet [9]. Importantly, we successfully constructed a BMI loss ratio prediction model based on baseline relative abundance of 7 gut microbial species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Calorie restriction intervention induces enterotype-associated BMI loss in nonobese individuals

Zou

Wang

Ren

et al. 2019

Preprint

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0Calorie restriction (CR), which has the potential effect to weight loss and blood amino 2 1 acids, has been demonstrated to associate with gut microbiota in human, especially in 2 2 3 1 subjects exhibited significantly higher BMI loss ratio than the ETB subjects. CR 3 2 additionally induced substantial enterotype-independent changes in blood amino acids, 3 3 but only minor changes in gut microbial composition. 4We further built a prediction model based on baseline relative abundances of 7 gut 3 5 microbial species showing high performance in predicting CR-associated BMI loss ratio. 3 6 Among them, the relative abundance of ETB-enriched Clostridium bolteae and C. 3 7 ramosum were negatively correlated with BMI loss ratio while the relative abundance of 3 8 Dorea longicatena which was slightly enriched in ETP subjects, was positively correlated 3 9with BMI loss ratio. 0Together, our work points out that the individual variation of BMI loss after CR could be 4 1 partially correlated with different microbial composition and highlights the potential 4 2 application for microbiome stratification in personalized nutrition intervention. 4 3 4 4

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Calorie restriction intervention induces enterotype-associated BMI loss in nonobese individuals

Zou

Wang

Ren

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…The observed association of TMAO with glycemic status agrees with previously published data. 39,40 These results suggest that the method can in fact detect physiologically relevant differences in TMAO, and that our observed lack of effect of short-term flavanol intervention on measured TMAO reflects a true lack of effect in terms of physiological relevance of TMAO.…”

Section: Health Status and Other Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…This strategy has already been applied to identifying microbiome characteristics that predict the efficacy of diet-based weight loss programs. 40 Measurements that might prove useful would be baseline and post-intervention (1) levels (DNA abundance by 16S rDNA sequencing) and activity (metabolic activity by converting 16S rRNA to cDNA and sequencing) of the strains of bacteria identified as releasing TMA from dietary precursors, 4 (2) targeted functional metagenomics and metatranscriptomics of microbial genes in the biosynthetic pathway, 16 (3) ex vivo assessment of the capacity for TMA release in subjects fecal samples, and (4) hepatic FMO3 expression levels. The significant intra-individual variation observed for TMAO concentrations could be due differences in the TMA-releasing capacity of the gut microbiome and hepatic FMO3 expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of short-term flavanol supplementation on fasting plasma trimethylamine N-oxide concentrations in obese adults

et al. 2018

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The gut microbiome metabolizes choline and carnitine to release trimethylamine (TMA), which subsequently undergoes hepatic conversion to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Elevated TMAO levels are associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality risk. Dietary flavanols modulate the composition and function of the gut microbiome. Therefore, the possibility exists that these compounds could reduce intestinal TMA production and lower circulating TMAO. However, this hypothesis has never been tested in humans. A secondary analysis was performed on blood samples from a clinical study in which obese subjects at risk for insulin resistance consumed tea or cocoa flavanols in a randomized crossover design while consuming a controlled diet. These subjects generally had elevated TMAO levels (∼5 μM) compared to levels previously measured in healthy subjects (∼1 μM). None of the interventions significantly altered TMAO levels. Individual variability for choline and carnitine was relatively low.However, TMAO exhibited somewhat greater inter-individual variability. No differences in mean TMAO concentrations observed across interventions were seen based on separating subjects by glycemic status, body mass index (BMI), race, age, or gender. However, subject minimum and maximum values observed across the interventions appeared to be more strongly associated with glycemic status and age than mean values across interventions, suggesting that average TMAO values over time may be less useful than maximum or minimum values as markers of disease risk. Traditional physiological characteristics do not appear to predict TMAO responsiveness to flavanol interventions. However, African-American subjects appeared less responsive compared to non-Hispanic white subjects for both green tea and high cocoa treatments, and female subjects appeared less responsive than males for the high cocoa treatment. The present results suggest that a short-term flavanol intervention does not generally reduce fasting TMAO levels in subjects with elevated circulating TMAO. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See

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“…plasma glucose, triglycerides, insulin, cholesterol) rather than weight loss [28]. The one 49 published study that directly investigated the relationship between baseline microbiota structure 50 and long-term weight loss found that a high fecal Prevotella/Bacteroides (P/B) ratio (> 0.01, n = 51 15) at baseline resulted in a mean of 1.31kg more weight loss at 6 months than a low P/B ratio 52 (P/B < 0.01, n = 21) [32]. No studies have investigated the impact of microbiota on adherence to 53 2 a dietary intervention.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This could be due to 269 our small sample size (n=25-34 for any diet-cohort combination), indeed, only ∼ 20% of ASV-270 clusters were detected in at least half of the subjects on either diet, limiting our statistical power 271 to identify differences between VS and US subjects. Although our sample size was comparable to 272 other published studies investigating the gut microbiota and diet responsiveness [32,38,18], our 273 analysis included stringent filtering of samples with at least 10,000 reads and ASV-clusters present 274 in at least 10% of subjects on the focal diet. We also included replicate samples for most subjects 275 in order to reduce false positive identification during differential abundance testing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota plasticity is correlated with sustained weight loss on a low-carb or low-fat dietary intervention

Grembi¹,

Nguyen²,

Haggerty

et al. 2019

Preprint

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1Background Obesity is a complex global health challenge. Although both low-carbohydrate 2 (low-carb) and low-fat diets can lead to weight loss, there is typically substantial variability 3 in weight and related outcomes for both diet approaches among obese but otherwise healthy 4 adults. Elucidating individual characteristics that might contribute to sustained weight loss is 5 critical to developing effective dietary intervention strategies. We hypothesized that structural 6 differences in the gut microbiota explained some portion of the weight loss variability among 7 people randomized to either a low-carb or low-fat diet, possibly related to its effects on dietary 8 compliance. 9 Results Our study included two staggered cohorts of obese adults enrolled in the Diet 10 Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) study -11 a randomized clinical trial of either a low-fat or low-carb diet. In the discovery cohort (n=66), 12 161 pre-diet fecal samples were sequenced in addition to 157 samples collected after 10-weeks 13 of dietary intervention. In the validation cohort (n = 56), 106 pre-diet fecal samples were 14 sequenced. Pre-diet taxonomic features, such as the Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio, correlated to 15 weight loss in the discovery cohort were not confirmed in the validation cohort. The most robust 16 finding in the discovery cohort indicated that gut microbiota plasticity was linked to 12-month 17 weight loss in a diet-dependent manner; subjects with higher sustained weight loss on a low-fat 18 diet had higher pre-diet daily plasticity, whereas those most successful on the low-carb diet 19 had greater microbiota plasticity over 10 weeks of dietary intervention. Unfortunately, because 20 sample frequency and timing was quite different in the validation cohort, the relationship 21 between plasticity and weight loss could not be studied in this group. 22 Conclusions These findings suggest the potential importance of gut microbiota plasticity 23 in sustained weight loss. We highlight the importance of evaluating kinetic trends and in 24 assessing reproducibility in studies of the gut microbiota. 25 1 Background 27The global obesity pandemic has claimed one in three American adults and prevalences continue 28 to rise in many other countries as well [46]. Obesity comorbidities (e.g. cardiovascular diseases, 29 cancer, diabetes, and other chronic conditions) cost the US 8.65 billion/yr from loss of productivity 30 due to absenteeism alone [58,65,53,55,14]. The personal, social and economic costs provide an 31 urgent need for consistently effective, and possibly more personalized, weight-reduction therapies. 32Different dietary interventions, such as low-carbohydrate (low-carb) and low-fat diets, can lead 33 to weight loss, but not always; there remains substantial variability in diet success outcomes among 34 obese, but otherwise healthy, adults [37]. Additionally, adherence to dietary intervention strategies 35 has remained a major challenge, despite the clear dose-response rel...

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Pre-treatment microbial Prevotella-to-Bacteroides ratio, determines body fat loss success during a 6-month randomized controlled diet intervention

Cited by 150 publications

References 19 publications

Calorie restriction intervention induces enterotype-associated BMI loss in nonobese individuals

Calorie restriction intervention induces enterotype-associated BMI loss in nonobese individuals

Impact of short-term flavanol supplementation on fasting plasma trimethylamine N-oxide concentrations in obese adults

Gut microbiota plasticity is correlated with sustained weight loss on a low-carb or low-fat dietary intervention

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