2021
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04186-8
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Abstract: Individuals with potential exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) do not necessarily develop PCR or antibody positivity, suggesting that some individuals may clear subclinical infection before seroconversion. T cells can contribute to the rapid clearance of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronavirus infections1–3. Here we hypothesize that pre-existing memory T cell responses, with cross-protective potential against SARS-CoV-2 (refs. 4–11), would expand in vivo to support rapid viral con… Show more

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Cited by 298 publications
(255 citation statements)
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“…We did not investigate vaccine-induced T-cell responses, which may play critical roles in protection against severe COVID-19, particularly in the context of variants [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] . Furthermore, our assays tested only the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain (Wuhan or USA-WA1/2020); assessments of SARS-CoV-2 variants including Omicron are in progress.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We did not investigate vaccine-induced T-cell responses, which may play critical roles in protection against severe COVID-19, particularly in the context of variants [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] . Furthermore, our assays tested only the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain (Wuhan or USA-WA1/2020); assessments of SARS-CoV-2 variants including Omicron are in progress.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Of note, two out of the four analysed anti-NP IgG negative subjects had a detectable IFN-γ response after overnight incubation with peptides derived from NP. This is not surprising, since a SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell response has been detected in mild COVID-19 convalescent subjects even in the absence of seroconversion (29), and the T cell response rather than humoral response is considered to have a determining role in viral clearance (30) as recently shown in rapid abortive SARS-CoV-2 infection (31).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 82%
“…Another promising approach to avoid entering an evolutionary arms race is a universal vaccine. Recent work by Swadling and colleagues show that abortive SARS-CoV-2 infection without seroconversion can occur in individuals with pre-existing polymerase-specific T cells [10]. Future iterations of the vaccine may, therefore, focus on virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to stimulate sterilizing immunity-one step ahead of neutralizing antibody responses elicited by current vaccines, which are vulnerable to immune escape with variant emergence.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%