Practice and associated factors regarding foot care among diabetes mellitus patients attending a rural primary health center in South India

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus patients are more likely to undergo nontraumatic foot or leg amputations because they have decreased circulation to the feet or reduced sensation. This condition may cause ulcerations, infections, and delayed wound healing, leading to amputations. Adequate knowledge and practices regarding foot care will be vital in the prevention of diabetic foot complications. Hence, this study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and practices of foot care among diabetes mellitus patients attending a rural primary health center in Belagavi-South India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of J.N. Medical College, Belagavi, for 7 months (November 2019 to May 2020). A pretested questionnaire was administered to 461 diabetes patients attending the health center. A written informed consent was obtained from each participant. They were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of 15 “yes” or “no” questions, each on foot care knowledge and practice. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 50.28 ± 9.48 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 10.69 ± 7.09 years. Majority, i.e., 296 (64.2%) participants showed satisfactory knowledge and 293 (63.6%) showed satisfactory practice. Only 97 (21%) had poor knowledge, 90 (19.5%) had poor practice, 68 (14.8%) patients had good knowledge, and 78 (16.9%) had good practice about diabetic foot care. Conclusions: The low level of knowledge and practice in patients with diabetes regarding foot care necessitates an educational program to increase awareness related to foot complications of diabetes, thereby motivating diabetic patients to incorporate foot care practices in their day-to-day routine.

Description of the Level of Knowledge and Behavior of Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients Regarding Diabetic Foot at Koja Regional Hospital in June 2023

“…Waktu terdiagnosis diabetes melitus tipe dua yang semakin lama, maka pengetahuan kaki diabetik akan semakin meningkat. 13 Pada Tabel 5 menunjukkan bahwa pada penelitian ini, berdasarkan hasil analisa perilaku tentang pencegahan kaki diabetik, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasien diabetes melitus tipe dua di RSUD Koja pada Juni 2023 memiliki perilaku perilaku negatif.…”

“…Sebagian besar pasien mungkin tidak mendapatkan edukasi perawatan kaki sebagai bagian dari pengelolaan diabetes melitus tipe dua. 13 Berdasarkan hasil analisis perilaku tentang pencegahan kaki diabetik menurut pekerjaan didapatkan perilaku negatif terbanyak terdapat pada subkategori ibu rumah tangga sebanyak 11 orang (27,5%) dan pedagang kaki lima sebanyak 3 orang (7,5%). Sedangkan perilaku positif terbanyak terdapat pada subkategori karyawan swasta sebanyak 4 orang (10%) dan buruh sebanyak 3 orang (7,5%).…”

Perfil de riesgo de los pies de personas con diabetes tipo 2 y factores asociados

“…Las úlceras del pie diabético son causadas por una combinación de factores, que incluyen la reducción del flujo sanguíneo a los pies, el daño nervioso y las deformidades en los pies. Estos factores pueden llevar al desarrollo de úlceras en los pies, que pueden infectarse y provocar complicaciones graves como la amputación (7).…”