Abstract:Design processes of aircrafts are well established today and described by numerous positions in literature. This well understood and safe path leads to aircraft designs, which become very similar. It is harder then ever to achieve competitive construction. This is why numerical optimization is becoming standard tool during the design process. Although, optimization procedures are becoming more mature, in the industry practice still fairly simple examples of optimization are present. The more complicated is the… Show more
“…Multidisciplinary optimization -architecture without (a) and with (b) nested subproblem. 13 is presented by Goraj et al 17 In this case, the optimization of UAV HALE for a specialized patrol mission is shown, where the stability constraints played a significant role in shaping of the configuration. Similar approach is presented in Goraj et al 18 and concerns mini UAV optimization for long endurance missions.…”
Section: Practical Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 3.Multidisciplinary optimization – architecture without (a) and with (b) nested subproblem. 13 …”
Section: Multidisciplinary Optimizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…CFD solver, FEM analysis, stability criteria, etc.). One of the examples was presented by Mieloszyk, 13 who has combined aerodynamics and structural analysis into one optimization problem. The global objective was the minimization of the required power, while the subproblem was defined as the minimization of the weight of the structure.…”
Nowadays, optimization is a very popular tool used to improve existing projects. The optimization covers different disciplines by linking them into multidisciplinary process of design. Existing software tools allow to very effectively solve particular problems giving high quality solutions which were previously very hard to achieve. Aeronautical engineering is a domain/field which links many disciplines: aerodynamics, stability, control, structural analysis, materials, propulsion systems, avionics, etc. Therefore, the multidisciplinary optimization results in very significant progress not only in aircraft design but also in air transport, which links technical aspects with economical questions. The paper presents selected aspects of using the multidisciplinary optimization in aeronautical engineering with special focus on multidisciplinary aircraft design.
“…Multidisciplinary optimization -architecture without (a) and with (b) nested subproblem. 13 is presented by Goraj et al 17 In this case, the optimization of UAV HALE for a specialized patrol mission is shown, where the stability constraints played a significant role in shaping of the configuration. Similar approach is presented in Goraj et al 18 and concerns mini UAV optimization for long endurance missions.…”
Section: Practical Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 3.Multidisciplinary optimization – architecture without (a) and with (b) nested subproblem. 13 …”
Section: Multidisciplinary Optimizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…CFD solver, FEM analysis, stability criteria, etc.). One of the examples was presented by Mieloszyk, 13 who has combined aerodynamics and structural analysis into one optimization problem. The global objective was the minimization of the required power, while the subproblem was defined as the minimization of the weight of the structure.…”
Nowadays, optimization is a very popular tool used to improve existing projects. The optimization covers different disciplines by linking them into multidisciplinary process of design. Existing software tools allow to very effectively solve particular problems giving high quality solutions which were previously very hard to achieve. Aeronautical engineering is a domain/field which links many disciplines: aerodynamics, stability, control, structural analysis, materials, propulsion systems, avionics, etc. Therefore, the multidisciplinary optimization results in very significant progress not only in aircraft design but also in air transport, which links technical aspects with economical questions. The paper presents selected aspects of using the multidisciplinary optimization in aeronautical engineering with special focus on multidisciplinary aircraft design.
“…Simultaneously, further multicriterial aerodynamic optimization was performed to explore the limits of the configuration's performance potential [41]. Finally, software for multidisciplinary optimization was developed and applied so as to take structural analysis into consideration as well [42,43]. The overall conclusion was that the applied airplane configuration does allow for the construction of an airplane with better performance, although, as the results presented in [44] show, its advantage against conventional airplanes is nevertheless marginal.…”
Abstract:One of the airplane design concepts that potentially allows for significantly increased efficiency, but has not yet been investigated thoroughly, is the inverted joined wing configuration, where the upper wing is positioned in front of the lower one. We performed wind tunnel and flight testing of a demonstrator of this concept, first by applying electrical propulsion to simplify wind tunnel testing, and then the same electrical-propulsion demonstrator performed several flights. As the chosen propulsion method proved to be too cumbersome for an intensive flight campaign and significant loss of battery performance was also observed, the electrical propulsion was then replaced by internal combustion propulsion in the second phase, involving longer-duration flight testing. Next we identified and analyzed two potentially beneficial modifications to the design tested: one involved shifting the center of gravity towards the aft, the other involved modifying the thrust vector position, both with the assumption that electric motors can be applied for propulsion. On this basis, the paper finishes with some conclusions concerning a new concept of electrical propulsion for an inverted joined wing design, combining two ideas: hybridization and distribution along the aft wing leading edge.
“…Simultaneously, further multicriterial aerodynamic optimisation was conducted to explore the borders of this configuration's performance potential [27]. Finally, the software for multidisciplinary optimisation was developed and applied to introduce also the structural analysis into consideration [28,29]. As a result, it appeared that the inverted joined wing configuration allows to build an airplane with excellent performance, but its advantage against the conventional airplanes is marginal [30].…”
Efficiency is a crucial parameter for an airplane to reduce both cost of operations and emission of pollutants. There are several airplane concepts that potentially allow for increasing the efficiency. A few of them were not investigated thoroughly enough yet. The inverted joined wing configuration, with the upper wing in front of the lower one is an example of such concept. Therefore, a project consisting of development of an experimental scaled demonstrator, and its wind tunnel and flight testing, was undertaken by consortium: Institute of Aviation, Warsaw University of Technology, Air Force Institute of Technology and a MSP company. Results led to a conclusion, that the inverted joined wing configuration allows to build an airplane with excellent performance, but its advantage against the conventional airplane is marginal because of large trimming drag of the configuration with relatively high position of the thrust vector in pusher configuration. It was applied because the demonstrator was a flying model of manned airplane and the tractor configuration would affect the pilot’s field of observation. However, in case of the UAV, this reason becomes insignificant. Therefore two configurations of tractor propulsion were tested to see, if their performance is better than the performance of original design.
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