Ppb-level mid-infrared ethane detection based on three measurement schemes using a 3.34-μm continuous-wave interband cascade laser

Li, Chunguang; Zheng, Chuantao; Ye, Weilin; Tittel, Frank K.; Wang, Yiding

doi:10.1007/s00340-016-6460-6

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Compared with DAS, WMS can suppress system noise (e.g., 1/f noise) and increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) using coherent detection. 34 The sensing theory of WMS can be seen in Supporting Information S4. To compare the two sensing schemes at the same time, the rising edge of the triangularwave driving signal was superimposed with a high-frequency sine-wave modulation signal for WMS measurement and the falling edge of the triangular-wave without modulation was used for DAS measurement.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, the sensing signal can be the absorbance signal under direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) or the second harmonic (2 f ) signal under wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS). Compared with DAS, WMS can suppress system noise (e.g., 1/ f noise) and increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) using coherent detection . The sensing theory of WMS can be seen in Supporting Information S4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ultra-Wideband Mid-Infrared Chalcogenide Suspended Nanorib Waveguide Gas Sensors with Exceptionally High External Confinement Factor beyond Free-Space

Pi,

Zheng,

Zhao

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

On-chip waveguide sensors are potential candidates for deep-space exploration because of their high integration and low power consumption. Since the fundamental absorption of most gas molecules exists in the mid-infrared (e.g., 3–12 μm), it is of great significance to fabricate wideband mid-infrared sensors with high external confinement factor (ECF). To overcome the limited transparency window and strong waveguide dispersion, a chalcogenide suspended nanorib waveguide sensor was proposed for ultra-wideband mid-infrared gas sensing, and three waveguide sensors (WG1–WG3) with optimized dimensions exhibit a wide waveband of 3.2–5.6 μm, 5.4–8.2 μm, and 8.1–11.5 μm with exceptionally high ECFs of 107–116%, 107–116%, and 116–128%, respectively. The waveguide sensors were fabricated by a two-step lift-off method without dry etching to reduce the process complexity. Experimental ECFs of 112%, 110%, and 110% were obtained at 3.291 μm, 4.319 μm, and 7.625 μm, respectively, through methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements. A limit of detection of 5.9 ppm was achieved for an averaging time of 64.2 s through the Allan deviation analysis of CH4 at 3.291 μm, leading to a comparable noise equivalent absorption sensitivity of 2.3 × 10–5 cm–1 Hz–1/2 as compared to the hollow-core fiber and on-chip gas sensors.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Wideband Mid-Infrared Chalcogenide Suspended Nanorib Waveguide Gas Sensors with Exceptionally High External Confinement Factor beyond Free-Space

Pi,

Zheng,

Zhao

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to the experimental results, the limit of detection (LoD) can be calculated as 35 = C LoD /SNR C (7) where SNR C is the signal-to-noise ratio under a concentration level of C. In the same sensing system, the theoretical noise level should be the same, but the environmental vibration and gas concentration variation also cause the change in the noise level. Here, the maximum error of the averaged absorbance for the 40% CH 4 sample (8.96 × 10 −4 ) is considered as the system noise.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopic Chalcogenide Waveguide Sensor Using a Silver Island Film

Zheng

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopic chalcogenide waveguide sensor based on the silver island film was proposed for the first time to enhance the sensing performance in both liquid and gas phases. The chalcogenide waveguide sensor was fabricated by the lift-off and oblique angle deposition methods. The surface morphology of the silver island film with different thicknesses was characterized. The absorption of ethanol (liquid) at a wavelength of 1654 nm and that of methane (gas) at 3291 nm were measured using the fabricated chalcogenide waveguide sensor. The chalcogenide waveguide sensor integrated with the 1.8 nm-thick silver island film revealed the best sensing performance. With an acceptable increased waveguide loss resulting from the fabrication of the film, the absorbance enhancement factors for ethanol and methane were experimentally obtained to be >1.5 and >2.3, respectively. The 1σ limit of detection of methane for the sensor integrated with the 1.8 nm-thick silver island film was ∼4.11% for an averaging time of 0.2 s. The mathematic relation between the absorbance enhancement factor and the waveguide loss was derived for sensing performance improvement. Also, the proposed rectangular waveguide sensor provides an idea for the design of a sensor-on-a-chip instead of other waveguide sensors with a high requirement of fabrication accuracy, for example, a slot waveguide or a photonic crystal waveguide.

show abstract

“…DFB-ICLs provide single mode, narrow linewidth (~0.7 MHz) [62], low power consumption (hundreds of milliwatts), a compact system solution, and RT-cw emission in the 3-6 µm range, which fill the MIR gap perfectly. DFB-ICLs have been used for the ppb-level detection of many important gases, especially hydrocarbon species [63][64][65][66][67][68][69], which leads to many important applications in various areas, for example, clinical diagnostics [70,71], combustion probing [72], environmental monitoring [73,74], and remote sensing.…”

Section: Interband Cascade Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-Infrared Tunable Laser-Based Broadband Fingerprint Absorption Spectroscopy for Trace Gas Sensing: A Review

Zhang

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The vast majority of gaseous chemical substances exhibit fundamental rovibrational absorption bands in the mid-infrared spectral region (2.5–25 μm), and the absorption of light by these fundamental bands provides a nearly universal means for their detection. A main feature of optical techniques is the non-intrusive in situ detection of trace gases. We reviewed primarily mid-infrared tunable laser-based broadband absorption spectroscopy for trace gas detection, focusing on 2008–2018. The scope of this paper is to discuss recent developments of system configuration, tunable lasers, detectors, broadband spectroscopic techniques, and their applications for sensitive, selective, and quantitative trace gas detection.

show abstract

Ppb-level mid-infrared ethane detection based on three measurement schemes using a 3.34-μm continuous-wave interband cascade laser

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Ultra-Wideband Mid-Infrared Chalcogenide Suspended Nanorib Waveguide Gas Sensors with Exceptionally High External Confinement Factor beyond Free-Space

Ultra-Wideband Mid-Infrared Chalcogenide Suspended Nanorib Waveguide Gas Sensors with Exceptionally High External Confinement Factor beyond Free-Space

Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopic Chalcogenide Waveguide Sensor Using a Silver Island Film

Mid-Infrared Tunable Laser-Based Broadband Fingerprint Absorption Spectroscopy for Trace Gas Sensing: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About