Potential Predictors and Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Adult Patients With Dyspepsia: A Retrospective Study From Qatar

Abstract

To study the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection among dyspeptic patients of various ethnic origins in Qatar and determine the association between H. pylori infection and various demographic factors and endoscopic findings. MethodsA retrospective data review was carried at Alkhor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar. Adult patients who underwent endoscopy for the evaluation of dyspepsia between January 2011 to December 2017 were included. Patients who underwent endoscopy for reasons other than dyspepsia and those with incomplete data were excluded. ResultsOf the 638 subjects included, 58.9% were males, and the mean age of the subjects was 42.2 years (range 18-79 years). Epigastric pain (80.6%) was the most common symptom, followed by heartburn (26.2%). Forty point nine percent (40.9%) had a positive Campylobacter-like organism (CLO) test for H. pylori. A higher prevalence of H. pylori infection was observed among subjects between 31-50 years of age (43.6%) and 18-30 years (40.5%), and in Asian (42.2%) and Middle East and North African nationals (MENA) nationals (40%). Among the endoscopic findings, esophagitis (P=0.002) and gastritis (P=0.001) showed a statistically significant correlation with H. pylori positivity. Univariate regression analysis revealed an increased risk for H. pylori infection among all age groups except above 65 years, with an odds ratio (OR) of more than 2 in all the three age groups. Among various ethnicities, patients from Asia and MENA countries showed an increased risk of getting H. pylori infection (OR 1.16, 95% CI; 0.77,1.75 and OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.70,-1.61 respectively). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that subjects with endoscopic findings of esophagitis (adjusted OR 1.67, 95%CI 1.19, 2.34; P=0.003), gastritis (adjusted OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.27, 2.57; P=0.001), and duodenal ulcer (adjusted OR 2.41, 95%CI 1.24, 4.70; P=0.010) remained significantly associated with an increased risk of having H. pylori infection. ConclusionThe burden of H. pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia undergoing endoscopy is not low in Qatar. Less than 65 years of age, Asian nationals, and being from the MENA region were the demographic predictors for H. pylori infection. The finding of esophagitis, gastritis, and duodenal ulcer on endoscopy were independent endoscopic predictors for having H. pylori infection.

The Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants of Helicobacter pylori Detected in Dyspeptic Patients in North–Central Bangladesh

“…Therefore, the recent prevalence of H. pylori among dyspeptic patients in the country seems to be similar. In other Asian and African countries, a similar prevalence of H. pylori was described, e.g., 40.9% (the CLO test) in Qatar [ 29 ], 36% (histology) in Uganda [ 30 ], and 31.2% (histology, the RUT, and culture) in Iran [ 31 ]. Nevertheless, the notably high detection rate of H. pylori (PCR and the CLO test) (67%) was shown in a study in southern Bangladesh (Chittagong) [ 32 ], suggesting the presence of highly endemic areas within the country.…”

Diagnostic Accuracy of Serologic (IGG) in Diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori among Patients of Dyspepsia by Taking Stool Antigen (HPSA) as Gold Standard

“…In the study of Aminde JA et 2 reported that the average age of the participants was 40.7 ± 19.1 years with age range of 7 to 96 years and out of all 452 cases females were in majority 63.6%. In the retrospective Study of Naushad VA et al 11 from Qatar found inconsistent findings regarding gender as out of all 638 cases males were 58.8%, while consistently mean age was 42.2 years with age range of 18 to 79 years. The variation in the average age and gender between this In this study as per clinical presentation 78.6% patients had epigastrium pain, 36.7% had flatulence, 67.1% had belching, 40.0 had nausea, 12.4% had vomiting, 80.5% had bloating and 81.9% had burning.…”

“…Similarly, Kouitcheu Mabeku LB et al 10 demonstrated that as per clinical signs and symptoms the epigastric pain and burning and recurrent burping were the commonest among all the cases (100%) followed by Flatulence/ bloating was in 70.45% cases and Nausea/Vomiting in 34.1% of the cases. Despite the fact that the study of Naushad VA et al 11 from Qatar reported that the commonest symptom was epigastrium pain 80.6% followed by belching 8.8%, nausea 10.2%, vomiting 9.6%, heart burn 26.2% and melena 6%.…”