Potential of Mw as a prophylactic vaccine against pulmonary tuberculosis

Katoch, Kiran; Singh, Padam; Adhikari, Tulsi; Benara, Sudhir Kumar; Singh, Haribhan; Chauhan, D. S.; Sharma, V. D.; Lavania, Mallika; Sachan, Ashish; Katoch, Vishwa Mohan

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.025

Cited by 47 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…tb was earlier demonstrated in a retrospective population based double blind study in Ghatampur, India 9, 11 . However, the present study shows its clinical benefit as an immunotherapeutic agent for difficult to treat tuberculosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…It also reduced the bacillary load, upgraded the lesions histopathologically, led to complete clearance of granuloma and reduced the duration of multi-drug therapy in leprosy patients 8 . In a large scale double blind trial for immunoprophylaxis against leprosy, involving 28,948 people in 272 villages of Ghatampur, Kanpur, India, a retrospective analysis after 13 years showed that incidence of TB was significantly reduced in the healthy contacts of leprosy patients vaccinated with MIP as compared to the placebo group 11 . Also, in a pilot study, addition of MIP to the short course chemotherapy in PTB patients led to earlier sputum conversion by at least 30 days 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy and Safety of Mycobacterium indicus pranii as an adjunct therapy in Category II pulmonary tuberculosis in a randomized trial

Sharma

Katoch

Sarin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Prolonged treatment of tuberculosis (TB) often leads to poor compliance, default and relapse, converting primary TB patients into category II TB (Cat IITB) cases, many of whom may convert to multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB). We have evaluated the immunotherapeutic potential of Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) as an adjunct to Anti-Tubercular Treatment (ATT) in Cat II pulmonary TB (PTB) patients in a prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, multicentric clinical trial. 890 sputum smear positive Cat II PTB patients were randomized to receive either six intra-dermal injections (2 + 4) of heat-killed MIP at a dose of 5 × 108 bacilli or placebo once in 2 weeks for 2 months. Sputum smear and culture examinations were performed at different time points. MIP was safe with no adverse effects. While sputum smear conversion did not show any statistically significant difference, significantly higher number of patients (67.1%) in the MIP group achieved sputum culture conversion at fourth week compared to the placebo (57%) group (p = 0.0002), suggesting a role of MIP in clearance of the bacilli. Since live bacteria are the major contributors for sustained incidence of TB, the potential of MIP in clearance of the bacilli has far reaching implications in controlling the spread of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Mycobacterium indicus pranii as an adjunct therapy in Category II pulmonary tuberculosis in a randomized trial

Sharma

Katoch

Sarin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…A valuable property of MIP immunotherapy is its virtual lack of adverse side effects as this has been administered to thousands of patients in clinical trials of tuberculosis, and leprosy with no reported problems [31], [32]. Another great advantage is the low cost of production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Anti-Tumor Immune Response and Reduction of Regulatory T Cells with Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) Therapy in Tumor Bearing Mice

et al. 2011

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BackgroundRole of immune system in protecting the host from cancer is well established. Growing cancer however subverts immune response towards Th2 type and escape from antitumor mechanism of the host. Activation of both innate and Th1 type response is crucial for host antitumor activity. In our previous study it was found, that Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) also known as M. w induces Th1 type response and activates macrophages in animal model of tuberculosis. Hence, we studied the immunotherapeutic potential of MIP in mouse tumor model and the underlying mechanisms for its antitumor activity.Methodology and Principal FindingsTumors were implanted by injecting B16F10 melanoma cells subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice. Using the optimized dose and treatment regimes, anti-tumor efficacy of heat killed MIP was evaluated. In MIP treated group, tumor appeared in only 50–60% of mice, tumor growth was delayed and tumor volume was less as compared to control. MIP mediated immune activation was analysed in the tumor microenvironment, tumor draining lymph node and spleen. Induction of Th1 response and higher infiltration of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment was observed in MIP treated mice. A large fraction of these immune cells were in activated state as confirmed by phenotypic and functional analysis. Interestingly, percentage of Treg cells in the tumor milieu of treated mice was less. We also evaluated efficacy of MIP along with chemotherapy and found a better response as compared to chemotherapy alone.ConclusionMIP therapy is effective in protecting mice from tumor. It activates the immune cells, increases their infiltration in tumor, and abrogates tumor mediated immune suppression.

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“…However, both IFN-gamma production and protection levels were consistently better in live M. w vaccinated mice than in those vaccinated with heat-killed M. w [30]. A vaccination study with heat-killed M. w in India provided evidence suggesting protective efficacy of M. w against pulmonary TB in humans [31]. Preventive immunization with whole inactivated M. vaccae conferred protection against HIV-associated TB in BCG-immunized human adults [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against Tuberculosis in Eurasian Wild Boar Vaccinated with Heat-Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis

et al. 2011

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Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis and closely related members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex continues to affect humans and animals worldwide and its control requires vaccination of wildlife reservoir species such as Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa). Vaccination efforts for TB control in wildlife have been based primarily on oral live BCG formulations. However, this is the first report of the use of oral inactivated vaccines for controlling TB in wildlife. In this study, four groups of 5 wild boar each were vaccinated with inactivated M. bovis by the oral and intramuscular routes, vaccinated with oral BCG or left unvaccinated as controls. All groups were later challenged with a field strain of M. bovis. The results of the IFN-gamma response, serum antibody levels, M. bovis culture, TB lesion scores, and the expression of C3 and MUT genes were compared between these four groups. The results suggested that vaccination with heat-inactivated M. bovis or BCG protect wild boar from TB. These results also encouraged testing combinations of BCG and inactivated M. bovis to vaccinate wild boar against TB. Vaccine formulations using heat-inactivated M. bovis for TB control in wildlife would have the advantage of being environmentally safe and more stable under field conditions when compared to live BCG vaccines. The antibody response and MUT expression levels can help differentiating between vaccinated and infected wild boar and as correlates of protective response in vaccinated animals. These results suggest that vaccine studies in free-living wild boar are now possible to reveal the full potential of protecting against TB using oral M. bovis inactivated and BCG vaccines.

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Potential of Mw as a prophylactic vaccine against pulmonary tuberculosis

Cited by 47 publications

References 13 publications

Efficacy and Safety of Mycobacterium indicus pranii as an adjunct therapy in Category II pulmonary tuberculosis in a randomized trial

Efficacy and Safety of Mycobacterium indicus pranii as an adjunct therapy in Category II pulmonary tuberculosis in a randomized trial

Activation of Anti-Tumor Immune Response and Reduction of Regulatory T Cells with Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) Therapy in Tumor Bearing Mice

Protection against Tuberculosis in Eurasian Wild Boar Vaccinated with Heat-Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis

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