Potential biomarkers for predicting outcomes in CABG cardiothoracic surgeries

Abstract

The variations in recovery time, complications, and survival among cardiac patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedures are vast. Many formulas and theories are used to predict clinical outcome and recovery time, and current prognostic predictions are based on medical and family history, lifestyle, comorbidities, and performance status. The identification of biomarkers that provide concrete evidence supporting clinical outcome has greatly affected the field of medicine, helping clinicians in many medicine sub-specialties to forecast clinical course. Recent studies have discovered biomarkers that may be used as predictors of cardiac patients' status post-cardiothoracic surgery, and the applications are numerous. In this review, we assess currently available cardiac biomarkers as predictors of clinical outcome for post-operative CABG patients. Data were collected from various studies in which cardiac biomarkers were measured in pre-operative and post-operative CABG patients.

Association of Perioperative Serum Sodium Level Fluctuation and Postoperative Complications in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

“…Previous studies also found the same results (21)(22)(23)(24). Some researchers also reported increased sodium levels after liver transplant is associated with postoperative complications (13)(14)(15)(16)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). However another study found this correlation with lower mortality and complications (30).…”

Coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with immunoparalysis of monocytes and dendritic cells

“…Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death globally and can be treated by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Exposure of patient blood to the bypass circuitry and re‐perfusion following CABG is associated with activation of leucocytes, complement and cytokine secretion . Activation of the patient’s inflammatory response following CABG has been suggested to contribute to, and be a potential indicator of adverse outcomes including infection, increased ICU length of stay (LOS), atrial fibrillation (AF), myocardial infarction, respiratory distress, multiple organ dysfunction (MOD), acute kidney injury and mortality …”

Impact of Procaine Hydrochloride Versus Lidocaine in Cardioplegic Solution, on Reperfusion Arrhythmia During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

“…However if these methods were not responsive, to resolve problems coronary artery bypass graft surgery is done (CABG) in order to increase survival and improve the quality of patients' lives (1,2). There are some early postoperative complications including peri-operative myocardial infraction in CABG in spite of its favorable long term outcome.…”