Potassium Fluoride Supported on Natural Nanoporous Zeolite: A New Solid Base for the Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers

Abstract

An efficient and inexpensive synthesis of diaryl ethers has been developed. The process involves the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of electron‐deficient aryl halides and phenols and is mediated by potassium fluoride/Clinoptilolite (KF/CP) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The approach affords good to excellent yields of the arylated products without the need for additional cation capture. The solid base is also efficient in the Ullmann ether synthesis.

Deep Eutectic Solvent: An Efficient Catalyst for C-O Coupling Reactions.

“…There has been an remarkable work done towards development of effective reaction conditions for the synthesis of diaryl ethers. Some methodologies which focus towards generation of C−O coupling processes include classical Ullmann protocol, Buchwald and Hartwig coupling, S N Ar reactions, arene metal complexes, thallium‐promoted oxidative coupling, microwave assisted synthesis of diaryl ethers using Cu(0) nanoparticles, KF/ CP, Fe 3 O 4 @ mesoporous PANI nano composite and Pummerer type rearrangement reactions.…”

CsF/clinoptilolite: an efficient solid base in SNAr and copper-catalyzed Ullmann reactions

“…Overall, CsF/CP is a more efficient solid base than our previously reported one (KF/CP). 28 The use of CsF/CP as heterogeneous base in other reactions is currently in progress in our laboratories.…”

Diaryl ethers synthesis: nano-catalysts in carbon-oxygen cross-coupling reactions

“…Zeolite materials have recently attracted considerable attention as inexpensive and powerful supports for copper species, especially Cu I species. [56][57][58][59] In 2015, Pale and Chassaing along with their co-workers demonstrated for the rst time the usefulness of Cu I -zeolites as highly active catalysts for the cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with phenols. Among four investigated zeolites (i.e., USY, MOR, b, and ZSM5), CuI-USY was found to be the best catalyst.…”